Evidence mapPaperPMID 40725224Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Alzheimer's Disease Etiology Hypotheses and Therapeutic Strategies: A Perspective.

Naomi Scarano, Francesca Musumeci, Beatrice Casini, Chiara Brullo, Pasqualina D'Ursi, Paola Fossa, Silvia Schenone, Elena Cichero

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. ACE2: Friend or Foe in Post-COVID-19 Neurodegeneration?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Oral Health in Alzheimer's Disease: A Life-Course Perspective on Clinical Management and Caregiver Support.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Naomi ScaranoDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5121-715X
Francesca MusumeciDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7228-0086
Beatrice CasiniDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Chiara BrulloDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2575-7726
Pasqualina D'UrsiInstitute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20054 Segrate, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1554-429X
Paola FossaDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9386-0445
Silvia SchenoneDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Elena CicheroDepartment of Pharmacy, Section of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy.

Funding

University of Genoa FRA2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, complex, multifactorial, neurodegenerative disease and accounts for most cases of dementia. The currently approved therapy includes cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA-receptor antagonists and monoclonal antibodies. However, these medications were gradually discovered to be ineffective in removing the root of AD pathogenesis, having only symptomatic effects. Thus, the priority remains prevention and clarifying AD etiology. A better understanding of the neuroprotective mechanisms undertaken by specific genes is crucial to guide the design of novel therapeutic agents via selective ligands and precision medicine. In this review, we present a perspective of the physiological phase of the AD spectrum, of risk factors in AD with a focus on therapeutic approaches in three categories: neurotransmitters/ion modulations, peptide deposit control and aspecific treatments, followed by a discussion of treatment limitations. An overview of innovative strategies and non-pharmaceutical ancillary support is given.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsCholinesterase InhibitorsHumansNeuroprotective AgentsNeurotransmitter AgentsRisk FactorsCholinesterase InhibitorsNeuroprotective AgentsNeurotransmitter AgentsAlzheimer’s diseaseFDA approved drugsnon-pharmacological treatmentspreventionrisk factorstherapeutics strategies

Identifiers

PMID40725224
PMCPMC12295398

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.