Evidence mapPaperPMID 40727922Full record

ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2025

Effects of Hypoglycemic Agents on The Musculoskeletal System: A Comprehensive Review.

Jiao Zhao, Shan-Shan Lv, Qi Lu, Xiao-Xia Cong, Xian-Feng Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jiao ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Shan-Shan LvDepartment of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Qi LuShanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Xiao-Xia CongInstitute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Xian-Feng ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human life expectancy increases with social development, which poses problems related to rapid population ageing. As a common disease among the elderly, the prevention and control of diabetes is an ongoing challenge. Diabetes is associated with decreased bone mineral density, increased incidence of fractures, and decreased muscle strength. Meanwhile, the effects and mechanisms of different hypoglycemic drugs on musculoskeletal health vary. Currently, there are limited studies on the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on musculoskeletal health. However, it is necessary to take into account the effect of each hypoglycemic agent, alone or in combination, on musculoskeletal health when determining an individualized treatment approach. Medications that further negatively affect musculoskeletal health should be avoided in specific patients (eg thiazolidinediones and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors). At the same time, some hypoglycemic drugs can be used as potential targets for developing new therapies for osteoporosis/sarcopenia (eg metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists). The aim of this review is to describe the effects and potential mechanisms of anti-diabetic drugs on musculoskeletal health, including metformin, insulin secretagogues, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. This review will contribute to the choice of appropriate hypoglycemic drugs to maintain musculoskeletal health in patients.

Indexed as

Hypoglycemic AgentsMusculoskeletal SystemAnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansHypoglycemic Agentsdiabetesfracturehypoglycemic agentsmolecular mechanismosteoporosissarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID40727922
PMCPMC12301114

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.