ArticleScientific reports2025
Effects of metformin treatment on the risk of acute myocardial infarction.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inflammation in atherosclerosis: Drivers, mechanisms and therapies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Hypoxia, ROS, and HIF Signaling in I/R Injury: Implications and Future Prospects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metformin Beyond Glycemic Control: Cardiovascular Protection and Diabetes Prevention.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metformin, a cornerstone in the pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), continues to be one of the most widely utilized antidiabetic agents globally. Beyond its primary role in glycemic control, metformin has demonstrated a variety of pleiotropic effects in both clinical and experimental settings. Among these, its cardiovascular protective properties have attracted considerable attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits of metformin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) prevention in patients with T2DM. This retrospective cohort study utilized data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, spanning the years 2000 to 2013. A total of 9186 patients with T2DM who were prescribed metformin were identified as the exposed group, while an equal number of patients with T2DM who had not received metformin served as the comparison (non-exposed) group. AMI was defined as the primary outcome of interest. To investigate the relationship between metformin use and AMI risk in patients with T2DM, hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. The analysis included 9186 metformin users and an equal number of non-users, we identified 282 and 339 AMI cases, respectively, for incidence rates of 3.36 and 4.15 per 1000 person years, respectively. Adjusted HR (95% CI) for metformin treatment and incident AMI was 0.76 (0.41-0.96). This negative association was consistently observed in both sexes [adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.72 (0.56-0.97) for males adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.87 (0.54-0.94) for females]. In summary, metformin treatment reduced the risk of AMI in patients with T2DM. These findings suggest that metformin may serve a dual role in both managing hyperglycemia and reducing cardiovascular risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.