Evidence mapPaperPMID 40732984Full record

Trial reportNutrients2025

Gut Microbiota Shifts After a Weight Loss Program in Adults with Obesity: The WLM3P Study.

Vanessa Pereira, Amanda Cuevas-Sierra, Victor de la O, Rita Salvado, Inês Barreiros-Mota, Inês Castela, Alexandra Camelo, Inês Brandão, Christophe Espírito Santo, Ana Faria and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04192357 (A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Weight Loss Maintenance Program for Adults With Obesity), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04192357 naunknown statusnot on this map

A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Weight Loss Maintenance Program for Adults With Obesity: The WLM3P Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidade do PortoRan2021 to 2023Enrolled112ConditionsObesityArmsWLM3P, Low-carb diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Reframing obesity through the gut microbiota: functional dysbiosis and metabolic disease.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Vanessa PereiraNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
Amanda Cuevas-SierraNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-2631-2566
Victor de la OPrecision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Alimentación Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9916-275X
Rita SalvadoNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
Inês Barreiros-MotaNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
Inês CastelaNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
Alexandra CameloCATAA-Agro-Food Technological Support Center, Industrial Zone of Castelo Branco, Rua A, 6000-459 Castelo Branco, Portugal.
Inês BrandãoCATAA-Agro-Food Technological Support Center, Industrial Zone of Castelo Branco, Rua A, 6000-459 Castelo Branco, Portugal.
Christophe Espírito SantoCATAA-Agro-Food Technological Support Center, Industrial Zone of Castelo Branco, Rua A, 6000-459 Castelo Branco, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-9800-4186
Ana FariaNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-5165-9513
Conceição CalhauNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
Marta P SilvestreNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9327-2897
André Moreira-RosárioNOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NMS, FCM, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-0320-1839

Funding

CINTESIS@RISE RISE - LA/P/0053/2020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a key modulator in obesity management, influencing host energy balance, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory pathways. With obesity prevalence continuing to rise globally, dietary interventions that promote beneficial microbial shifts are essential for enhancing weight loss outcomes and long-term health.

objectiveThis study investigated the effects of the multicomponent Weight Loss Maintenance 3 Phases Program (WLM3P), which integrates caloric restriction, a high-protein low-carbohydrate diet, time-restricted eating (10h TRE), dietary supplementation (prebiotics and phytochemicals), and digital app-based support on gut microbiota composition compared to a standard low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) in adults with obesity. The analysis focused exclusively on the 6-month weight loss period corresponding to Phases 1 and 2 of the WLM3P intervention.

methodsIn this sub-analysis of a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04192357), 58 adults with obesity (BMI 30.0-39.9 kg/m

resultsAfter 6-month, the WLM3P group showed a significant increase in alpha diversity (

conclusionsThese findings suggest a potential microbiota-mediated mechanism in weight loss, where

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeObesityWeight LossWeight Reduction ProgramsAdultCaloric RestrictionDietary SupplementsDiet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedFecesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrebioticsPrebioticsdietary interventionsFaecalibacteriumfat mass lossgut microbiotavisceral fat lossweight loss

Identifiers

PMID40732984
PMCPMC12299616

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.