Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40735287›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2025

Immune cell exhaustion and apoptotic markers in major depressive disorder: Effects of in vitro cannabidiol administration.

Muanpetch Rachayon, Ketsupar Jirakran, Pimpayao Sodsai, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Atapol Sughondhabirom, Jing Li, Yingqian Zhang, Michael Maes

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In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Muanpetch RachayonSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Ketsupar JirakranDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Pimpayao SodsaiCenter of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chavit TunvirachaisakulDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Atapol SughondhabiromDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Jing LiSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Yingqian ZhangSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Michael MaesSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Immune dysregulation is a component of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Cannabidiol (CBD) has immunomodulatory and putative antidepressant effects. The relationship between apoptotic and exhaustion immune markers and the clinical features of MDD and the effects of CBD on these markers are still unknown. Objectives: To assess pro-apoptotic (CD95) and T cell exhaustion (TIM3) markers on immune cells in patients with MDD, as well as the impact of in vitro CBD administration on these markers. Methods: We recruited healthy controls and MDD patients and evaluated the immunophenotypes of T/B lymphocytes using flow cytometry in unstimulated and anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated conditions. We evaluated the immune profiles of M1 macrophages, immune-inflammatory response system (IRS), compensatory immunoregulatory system (CIRS), T cell proliferation, and immune-related neurotoxicity (IRN). We investigated the in vitro effects of CBD on immune cell subsets at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, and 10.0 μg/mL. Results: The stimulated CD3 Discussion: Aberrations in immune checkpoint molecular processes impact the features of MDD. CBD significantly impacts apoptotic and exhaustion processes thereby possibly interfering with immune homeostasis.

Identifiers

PMID40735287
PMCPMC12304716

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.