Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40735394›Full record

ArticleFood science & nutrition2025

A Retrospective Study: Do Hospital Menus Carry a Risk of Malnutrition?

Beyza Mendes, Ayse Gunes Bayir, Ayse Semra Aksoy, Ozlem Toluk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Beyza MendesDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-1273
Ayse Gunes BayirDepartment of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kastamonu University Kastamonu Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9993-7850
Ayse Semra AksoyDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4708-3195
Ozlem TolukDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-0839

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malnutrition is preventable, and increasing investment in food and nutrient care for patients can save lives. A retrospective study evaluated the adequacy levels of the menus served in a hospital by making meal-based seasonal comparisons and examined the potential of these menus to pose a risk of malnutrition. In this context, the nutritional profile regarding energy, macro and micronutrients, and fiber was revealed. The results were compared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Türkiye Dietary Guideline-2022 (TDG-2022) recommendations. The nutrient profile of the menus was assessed by the Nutrient Rich Food NRF20.3 index (NRF20.3) and Limiting Nutrients 3 (LIM3) subscores. A one-year dataset obtained from a hospital menu includes three meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) with various menus (general, diabetic, and gluten-free) were examined, and the results of their nutrient profile were significantly different (

Indexed as

hospital menusmalnutritionnutrient intakenutrient profilenutrients

Identifiers

PMID40735394
PMCPMC12305671

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.