Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40735640›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in global women's health2025

Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes in women of childbearing age, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Zhifeng Guo, Wangquan Ji, Mengqing Yan, Xianan Zou, Teng Chen, Fanghui Bai, Yu Wu, Zhe Guo, Linlin Song

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in global women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zhifeng GuoNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Wangquan JiCollege of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Mengqing YanCollege of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xianan ZouNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Teng ChenNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Fanghui BaiResearch Department, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Yu WuNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Zhe GuoNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.
Linlin SongNanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes may have long-term adverse health effects on both women of childbearing age (WCBA) and their future generations. The objective of this study is to provide up-to-date epidemiologic information on the global burden of diabetes in WCBA to inform the development of targeted public health policies. Methods: The data on the burden of diabetes among WCBA from 1990 to 2021 at the global, regional, and national levels were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to assess and predict time burden trends. The slope index and concentration index were used to assess health inequalities associated with the sociodemographic index (SDI). Results: In 2021, approximately 79.04 million WCBA aged 15-49 years were living with diabetes, resulting in approximately 7.82 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) increased from 1960.8 to 3942.2 per 100,000 WCBA, with an EAPC of 2.25%. The ASPR and age-standardized DALY rate were highest in the low-middle SDI region, at 4,107.0 and 472.3 per 100,000, respectively. DALYs and deaths are concentrated in low SDI countries. By 2040, the global burden of diabetes in WCBA will increase further. Conclusion: The global burden of diabetes among WCBA has increased over the past three decades. This burden is concentrated in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes care policies for WCBA urgently need to be improved and popularized.

Indexed as

diabetesdisability-adjusted life yearglobal burdenprevalencewomen of childbearing age

Identifiers

PMID40735640
PMCPMC12303903

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.