Evidence mapPaperPMID 40738231Full record

ArticleJournal of vascular surgery2025

Geographic variation in endovascular revascularization for chronic limb-threatening ischemia care among Medicare beneficiaries (2016-2023).

Joseph M Kim, Siling Li, Yang Song, Sahil A Parikh, Peter A Schneider, Prakash Krishnan, Robert W Yeh, Eric A Secemsky

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of vascular surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Joseph M KimRichard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Siling LiRichard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Yang SongRichard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Sahil A ParikhCenter for Interventional Cardiovascular Care and Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
Peter A SchneiderDivision of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.
Prakash KrishnanZena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, NY.
Robert W YehRichard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Eric A SecemskyRichard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address: esecemsk@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Funding

Training Program in Cardiovascular ResearchT32HL160522 · NHLBI · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI Jennifer E Ho · 2022 to 2026
$2.7M
Shared Decision-Making to Improve the Health Status of Patients with Claudication: Developing and Implementing Strategies to Individualize Treatment DecisionsK23HL150290 · NHLBI · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI SECEMSKY, ERIC ALEXANDER · 2020 to 2024
$851k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL150290NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL160522
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveChronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), the most severe manifestation of peripheral artery disease, is associated with high risk of major amputation and mortality. Although timely revascularization is a cornerstone of CLTI management, disparities in access to care and outcomes persist across U.S. geographic regions. This study aims to evaluate variations in endovascular revascularization for CLTI, health care utilization patterns, and outcomes stratified by U.S. regions to inform how we address these disparities.

methodsFrom 2016 through 2023, all endovascular revascularizations for CLTI among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries were included and evaluated by Northeast, South, Midwest, and West regions of the United States. Follow-up continued through December 31, 2023, with a median duration of 625 days (maximum 2921 days). The primary outcome was a composite of death or major amputation. Secondary outcomes included major amputation, all-cause mortality, repeat revascularization, change in ambulatory status, and health care utilization before and after revascularization. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to adjust for demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics.

resultsAmong 381,173 beneficiaries, the South performed more than half of all revascularizations throughout the study period (52.18%), followed by the West (17.3%), Northeast (16.2%), and the Midwest (13.9%). After adjustment, the Midwest showed the highest risk for the primary outcome (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 1.22; P < .0001), followed by the South (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.13; P < .0001) and West (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06; P < .0001), all compared with the Northeast. Health care utilization analyses revealed fewer outpatient visits with a vascular provider before and after revascularization in all regions compared with the Northeast with the lowest rates in the Midwest (before revascularization: adjusted rate ratio: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.74; P < .0001; after revascularization: adjusted rate ratio: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.74; P < .0001).

conclusionsDisparities in access to care and outcomes persist across U.S. regions for Medicare beneficiaries with CLTI and influence health care utilization and outcomes. The Midwest region, in particular, that cares for a high proportion of rural patients experiences the greatest risks of amputation and death related to CLTI, which may in part be due to less frequent health care contact after revascularization. Targeted improvements in health care access, especially in rural and economically disadvantaged regions, are needed to enhance outcomes in patients with CLTI.

Indexed as

Chronic Limb-Threatening IschemiaEndovascular ProceduresHealthcare DisparitiesIschemiaMedicarePeripheral Arterial DiseasePractice Patterns, Physicians'AgedAged, 80 and overAmputation, SurgicalChronic DiseaseFee-for-Service PlansFemaleHumansLimb SalvageMaleChronic limb-threatening ischemiaGeographic differencesPeripheral artery disease

Identifiers

PMID40738231
PMCPMC12320350

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.