Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40738731›Full record

Observational studyAsia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition2025

Association between Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Yan Xue, Jianxian Zhang

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yan XueDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng City, Shandong, China.
Jianxian ZhangDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng City, Shandong, China. Email: zjx.2006@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesGut microbiota and liver are closely linked, and disruption of the gut-liver axis has been associated with various conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The Die-tary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a recently developed measure of gut microbiota variety, has not been researched in connection with NAFLD. METHODS AND STUDY

designWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 12,910 eligible participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018 by adjusting for covariates. Dietary recall data were used to calculate the DI-GM (including components beneficial and unfavorable to gut microbiota). Multiple logistic regression and subgroup analyses were used.

resultsA total of 12,910 patients were included in the study, of whom 4673 (36.2%) were identified as NAFLD. Each point increase in DI-GM was associated with an 8% decrease in the prevalence of NAFLD (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.90, 0.94, p <0.001), the associations remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89, 0.95, p <0.001). After grouping DI-GM, in the fully adjusted model, participants with DI-GM ≥ 6 were significantly negatively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.61, 0.82, p <0.001) compared to participants with DI-GM ≤3 group with adjustment for potential confounders. After subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses, the relationship between DI-GM and NAFLD remained robust.

conclusionsOur findings indicate an inverse association between the newly proposed DI-GM and the presence of NAFLD in adult Americans, offering a novel perspective on NAFLD research.

Indexed as

Diet, HealthyGastrointestinal MicrobiomeNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceUnited StatesYoung Adultdietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM)NHANESnon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Identifiers

PMID40738731
PMCPMC12551802

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.