Evidence mapPaperPMID 40739270Full record

ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025

Association between atherogenic index of plasma and hypertension combined with diabetes mellitus in United States adults: an analysis of the NHANES surveys from 2011 to 2016.

Xiuqing Chen, Qinyi Li, Zhoufei Fang, Linjing Huang, Peiwen Wu

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Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiuqing Chen *Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Qinyi Li *Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Zhoufei FangDepartment of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Linjing HuangDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Peiwen WuDepartment of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China. hehe0409@qq.com.

Funding

Fujian Medical University Sailing Fund Project NO. 2021QH1068the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province Grant No.2021Y9106
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionObservational studies have indicated that individuals with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) tend to exhibit elevated plasma atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as log (triglyceride [TG]/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)). However, the precise relationship between these factors remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the correlations among HTN, DM, and AIP.

methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2011-2016), a nationally representative sample, were analyzed to assess the relationship between AIP and the coexistence of HTN and DM in United States (US) adults. AIP served as the exposure variable, adjusted for 28 covariates. Baseline characteristics, correlation analysis, stratified analysis, and non-linear modeling were employed to elucidate these associations. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of various variables for the presence of HTN and DM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess AIP's diagnostic accuracy for detecting HTN and DM.

resultsBaseline characteristics revealed that individuals with HTN and DM had higher mean AIP values (0.39). Participants with alcohol use, obesity, or metabolic syndrome were more likely to present with both conditions. A significant positive correlation between AIP and the coexistence of HTN and DM was found (model 1: odds ratio [OR] = 5.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.84-9.16, P < 0.001; model 2: OR = 6.78, 95% CI = 4.14-11.1, P < 0.001; model 3: OR = 3.95, 95% CI = 1.66-9.39, P = 0.005), as confirmed by stratified analysis and smoothing curve analysis. The XGBoost algorithm identified AIP as an important predictor of HTN and DM. ROC curve analysis demonstrated AIP's relatively high accuracy in predicting these conditions. Smoothing curve analysis further supported the positive associations among AIP, HTN, and DM.

conclusionThis cross-sectional study highlights AIP was significantly associated with HTN combined with DM, underscoring its potential as a diagnostic tool. These findings provide valuable insights for future preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisDiabetes MellitusHypertensionAdultAgedCholesterol, HDLCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRisk FactorsROC CurveTriglyceridesUnited StatesCholesterol, HDLTriglyceridesAtherogenic index of plasmaDiabetes mellitusHypertensionNHANESXGboost algorithm

Identifiers

PMID40739270
PMCPMC12312532

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.