Evidence mapPaperPMID 40739746Full record

Observational studyActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2025

Predictors of Effective Breastfeeding in Newborns and 6-Week-Old Infants: Modifiable Pre-Feeding, Positioning and Latching-On Elements.

Anna Blair, Kajsa Brimdyr, Melissa Reyes, Kristin Svensson, Scovia N Mbalinda, Mike Kagawa, Louise R Bastarache, Livingstone Kamoga, Edwin Kigozi, Karin Cadwell

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Anna BlairHealthy Children Project, Inc., Harwich, Massachusetts, USA.
Kajsa BrimdyrHealthy Children Project, Inc., Harwich, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3789-635X
Melissa ReyesHealthy Children Project, Inc., Harwich, Massachusetts, USA.
Kristin SvenssonKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scovia N MbalindaMakerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4945-130X
Mike KagawaMakerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5048-685X
Louise R BastaracheHarvard Medical Faculty at BID Plymouth, Curry College, Milton, Massachusetts, USA.
Livingstone KamogaMakerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Edwin KigoziMakerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Karin CadwellHealthy Children Project, Inc., Harwich, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

Healthy Children Project Inc.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimAlthough breastfeeding assessment elements arise from compelling expert opinion, they have generally not been subject to rigorous evaluation. This project aimed to ascertain which elements, if any, are associated with effective breastfeeding and identify key modifiable findings for clinical practice.

methodsThis observational descriptive study analysed the breastfeeding sessions of 300 newborns in the postpartum unit and 166 infants attending their 6-week young-child clinic visit, from January to February 2024 in a regional referral hospital in Masaka, Uganda using the Lactation Assessment & Comprehensive Intervention Tool (LAT). Effective breastfeeding was defined as 1 or 2 sucks to 1 swallow by cervical auscultation, and/or observed rocker jaw motion. Associations were analysed using Pearson's Chi-square test.

resultsNine elements were significantly related to effective breastfeeding: two pre-feeding behaviours (infant state, feeding cues); four positioning behaviours (tummy-to-mummy, arms around breast, breast not held or shaped, head free of restrictions) and three latching-on behaviours (gape, head tilt, lower lip reaches first). All but one, head free from restrictions, were also significant for 6-week-old babies.

conclusionKey findings for clinical practice were identified including evidence for modifiable pre-feeding, positioning and latching-on behaviours, which were significantly associated with effective breastfeeding.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleSucking BehaviorUgandaassessmentbreastfeedinglactationLATlatching‐on

Identifiers

PMID40739746
PMCPMC12599608

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.