Evidence mapPaperPMID 40740110Full record

SynthesisPrimary health care research & development2025

To what extent do general practitioners involve patients in decision-making? A systematic review of studies using the OPTION-instrument.

Dirk T Ubbink, Fadi Shamoun, Steyn Heuvelsland, Faridi S van Etten-Jamaludin, Eva E Bolt

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Primary health care research & development, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Dirk T UbbinkDepartment of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9398-8879
Fadi ShamounFaculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Steyn HeuvelslandFaculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Faridi S van Etten-JamaludinResearch Support Medical Library, Amsterdam University Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1452-1769
Eva E BoltDepartment of General Practice, Amsterdam University Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7717-2930

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis systematic review aimed to analyze studies assessing the extent to which General Practitioners (GPs) engage patients in the decision-making process during consultations.

backgroundShared Decision Making (SDM) stands at the core of patient-centred care, particularly in primary healthcare, where a diverse array of medical decisions transpires. In a 2015 systematic review summarizing studies on the Observing Patient Involvement in Decision Making (OPTION) instrument to assess SDM objectively across healthcare settings, a notable dearth of patient involvement was observed.

methodsA comprehensive literature search encompassing three digital databases was conducted up to November 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies employing a comparative study design, centric to primary healthcare, and utilizing the OPTION-5 or -12 instrument to gauge SDM levels. Two investigators independently performed study selection, risk of bias assessment, and data extraction using a list of predefined variables, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. PROSPERO registration-ID: CRD42023475419.

findingsInitially, harvesting 447 articles, our review retained 29 studies published between 2003 and 2022. Mean age of GPs was 45.5 (range 33-53) years. Reported baseline OPTION scores varied between 1.5 and 57.2 on a 0-100-point scale, with a median score of 16. Following SDM interventions, OPTION-scores increased significantly to a median of 28.5, range 16-83.

conclusionThe overall level of SDM among GPs remains relatively low and has shown minimal improvement over the past decade. However, interventions promoting SDM appear to enhance patient involvement levels. This underscores the necessity for increased education and tools, directed at GPs and patients, to foster and elevate the practice of SDM.

Indexed as

Decision MakingDecision Making, SharedGeneral PractitionersPatient ParticipationPhysician-Patient RelationsAdultHumansMiddle AgedPatient-Centered CarePrimary Health CareGeneral practitionersOPTION-instrumentshared decision-makingsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40740110
PMCPMC12455353

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.