Evidence mapPaperPMID 40740464Full record

ReviewWorld journal of psychiatry2025

Pharmacoepigenetics in schizophrenia: Predicting drug response.

Sariye Aybüke Yıldırım, Irmak Dal, Selin Özkan-Kotiloğlu, Bora Baskak, Dilek Kaya-Akyüzlü

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sariye Aybüke YıldırımDepartment of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06590, Türkiye.
Irmak DalDepartment of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06590, Türkiye.
Selin Özkan-KotiloğluDepartment of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06590, Türkiye.
Bora BaskakDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara 06590, Türkiye.
Dilek Kaya-AkyüzlüDepartment of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06590, Türkiye. kayadilek79@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Individual differences in treatment response in schizophrenia pose a significant challenge in the management of the disease, due to several biological as well as psychosocial factors, including genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Pharmacoepigenetics investigates how epigenetic mechanisms affect the variability in effectiveness of treatments and adverse side effects. Antipsychotics such as clozapine (atypical) and haloperidol (typical) directly induce epigenetic changes by altering DNA methyltransferases and histone acetyltransferases, while indirectly affecting neuroinflammatory and stress response pathways. Personalized medicine using epigenetic markers (DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) holds great promise for improving the drug response and reducing the side effects of antipsychotic treatment. These developments could revolutionize the treatment of schizophrenia by addressing the complexities involved in responding to treatment. However, ethical and technical barriers to implementing strategies based on epigenetic regulation in clinical practice are fundamental challenges that need to be carefully addressed in this field. This review examined the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs.

Indexed as

Antipsychotic drugsPersonalized medicinePharmacoepigeneticsSchizophreniaTreatment failures

Identifiers

PMID40740464
PMCPMC12305215

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.