Evidence mapPaperPMID 40740729Full record

ArticleKidney medicine2025

Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy and Changes in Kidney Function in Adults: A Retrospective Population-based Study.

Silvia J Leon, Thomas W Ferguson, Reid Whitlock, Clara Bohm, Paul Komenda, Claudio Rigatto, Navdeep Tangri, Nathalie Saad, Ted Jablonski, Kathleen Moncrieff and 20 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Silvia J LeonChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Thomas W FergusonChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Reid WhitlockChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Clara BohmChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Paul KomendaChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Claudio RigattoChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Navdeep TangriChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Nathalie SaadDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Ted JablonskiDepartment of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Kathleen MoncrieffDepartment of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Sofia B AhmedDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Raymond FungDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Tehmina AhmadDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Ron WaldDivision of Nephrology, St. Michael's Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bikrampal SidhuDivision of Endocrinology, Kingston Health Sciences Center, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Christine WhiteDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Rachel BondDivision of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Louis BondazDivision of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Annie-Claire Nadeau-FredetteDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont and Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Irena DruceDivision of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Gregory L HundemerDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Laci WilliamsDepartment of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Karthik TennankoreDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Marshall DahlDivision of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Adeera LevinDivision of Nephrology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Anna RogersDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Adam BurgessDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Emily ChristieDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
David CollisterChronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
GAHT-KIDNEY Investigators

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rationale & Objective: Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) modifies lean body mass and body fat but its impact on kidney function is uncertain. We sought to evaluate the association of GAHT with kidney function and clinical outcomes. Study Design: A retrospective observational cohort study using linked health administrative databases. Setting & Participants: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults in Manitoba, Canada from January 1, 2007, to March 31, 2018. Exposure: GAHT or no GAHT prescriptions. Outcomes: The primary outcome was the change in serum creatinine levels. Secondary outcomes included the change in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, incident acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension. Analytical Approach: Outcomes were assessed for up to 2 years. Participants were censored at 3 months post-GAHT prescription if it was not refilled. Outcomes between TGD adults treated with and without GAHT (stratified by sex assigned at birth) were compared using multivariable linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: We identified 396 TGD adults assigned female at birth (AFAB) (277 receiving GAHT) and 322 TGD adults assigned male at birth (AMAB) (240 receiving GAHT) with longitudinal kidney function measurements. In AFAB persons treated with GAHT compared with no GAHT, serum creatinine levels increased from baseline at 18 months (+7.0 μmol/L, 95% CI, 0.5-14) and 21 months (+10.7 μmol/L, 95% CI, 3-18) but not at any other time point including 24 months. There were no differences in changes in creatinine in AMAB persons treated with GAHT compared with no GAHT. AFAB and AMAB persons initiating GAHT had no significant increased risks of incident chronic kidney disease or hypertension. Limitations: Limited sample size, missing data, and residual confounding. Conclusions: GAHT is associated with an increase in serum creatinine levels in AFAB persons. Additional research is needed to further evaluate the effect of GAHT on kidney function.

Indexed as

gender diversitykidney functionTransgender

Identifiers

PMID40740729
PMCPMC12309945

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.