ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Macrophages in chronic infections: regulation and remodeling.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Progressive suppression of regulated cell death defines terminal macrophage states in liver cirrhosis.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Aging reprograms the functional, epigenetic, and metabolic landscape of macrophages.Research square · 2026Article
- Macrophage Plasticity: Phenotypic and Functional Profiles Across Pathological Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Hypoxia-pretreated exosomes promote enterocutaneous fistula healing via regulating inflammation and tissue repair.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2026Article
- Microbiota-immune crosstalk in the regulation of intestinal motility in constipation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages, as a critical component of innate immune cells, exhibit significant plasticity. When confronted with danger signals such as pathogens or microenvironmental alterations, macrophages can differentiate into various phenotypes and functions to safeguard the host. However, numerous pathogens manipulate macrophage metabolic pathways to modify their functional expression, facilitating immune evasion and ensuring long-term survival during chronic infections. Therefore, the role of macrophage metabolic reprogramming in chronic infections has received growing attention. This review elucidates the primary metabolic pathways of macrophages and their association with polarization. It examines how pathogens modulate macrophage functional expression through metabolic reprogramming to sustain chronic infection. Additionally, it delineates how macrophage metabolic reprogramming in chronic infections reconfigures the microenvironment through interaction with other immune cells and its contribution to trained immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.