Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40749669›Full record

ArticleStem cell reports2025

Modeling glioma intratumoral heterogeneity with primary human neural stem and progenitor cells.

Daniel Dan Liu, Daniel Gao, Nicole L Womack-Gambrel, Anna E Eastman, Benjamin F Ohene-Gambill, Irving L Weissman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Stem cell reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Chiropteran (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  3. Isolation of postnatal human neural stem cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Modeling pediatric brain tumors with human stem cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Daniel Dan LiuInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: liudan@stanford.edu.
Daniel GaoInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Nicole L Womack-GambrelInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Anna E EastmanInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Benjamin F Ohene-GambillInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Irving L WeissmanInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: irv@stanford.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gliomas are notorious for their intratumoral heterogeneity, which drives therapy resistance. Glioma tumor cells mimic a neural stem cell (NSC) hierarchy reminiscent of normal brain development. How intratumoral heterogeneity is shaped by cell-of-origin and various driver mutations is not fully understood. We develop a model of glioma initiation using neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) purified from midgestational human brain tissue, including tripotent NSCs, bipotent glial progenitor cells (GPCs), and unipotent oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). We transduced these isogenic lines with defined combinations of oncogenic drivers (TP53, NF1, CDK4, EGFR, and PDGFRA) and transplanted them into mice. We find that OPC-derived tumors harbored a higher proportion of differentiated oligodendrocyte-like cells, reminiscent of low-grade oligodendrogliomas. CDK4 drove a neuron-like subtype, while EGFR drove a GPC-like subtype. Our platform is highly adaptable and allows for modular and systematic interrogation of how cell-of-origin and specific driver mutations shape the tumor landscape.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaModels, BiologicalNeural Stem CellsAnimalsCell DifferentiationCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4ErbB ReceptorsHumansMiceMutationCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4ErbB Receptorscancer stem cellsglial progenitor cellsglioblastomagliomaglioma initiationintratumoral heterogeneityneural stem cellsneurodevelopmentoligodendrocyte progenitor cells

Identifiers

PMID40749669
PMCPMC12447335

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.