ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2025
Association of C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index with the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mortality and cardiovascular risk of triglyceride-glucose and derived indices in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Long-term cumulative exposure and change patterns of CTI-FI predict the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- The Correlation Analysis of C-Reactive Protein-Triglyceride-Glucose Index with the Severity of Hyperlipidemic Acute Pancreatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and its dynamic trajectories on all-cause mortality in critically ill children: a longitudinal, retrospective cohort study.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Insulin Resistance Indices and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Prediabetes: A Machine Learning-Assisted Predictive Modeling Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index predicts postoperative delirium in older surgical patients: a retrospective cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index for the detection of the severity of coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states in patients with H-type hypertension.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk among the elderly population: insights from three datasets.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Diabetes-TyG interaction and mortality in critical cerebrovascular disease: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and stroke outcomes: results from the China National Stroke Registry III.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and risk of incident depressive symptoms in older adults: an eight-year follow-up study from ELSA.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Article
- Relationship between hs-CRP-triglyceride glucose index and coronary plaque morphology: insights from optical coherence tomography.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Association of C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and its modified indices with stroke risk in individuals at cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a population-based cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Article
- Joint association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and cumulative atherogenic index of plasma with cardiovascular disease risk in CKM syndrome stages 0-3: a prospective cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Associations between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and its derived indices and the incidence and progression of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in participants with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a large-scale prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Remnant cholesterol inflammation index may be a superior biomarker to C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index in predicting carotid atherosclerosis risk.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Association of the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose (CTI) index and its central obesity-modified derivatives with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity: results from two prospective cohorts in China and England.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Association of 14 triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-related indices with new-onset cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the CHARLS and ELSA aging cohorts.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) has emerged as an innovative composite marker for evaluating metabolic-inflammatory dysregulation, integrating markers of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. However, the association between CTI and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or its mortality has rarely been studied. This study sought to examine CTI's associations with CVD mortality, CVD incidence, and all-cause mortality.
methodsThis study included 8,679 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2010, 2015-2018. The CTI was derived as: 0.412* Ln (CRP [mg/L]) + Ln (TG [mg/dl] × FPG [mg/dl])/2, with participants categorized into quartiles. We employed Kaplan-Meier curves, cox proportional hazards model, logistic regression analyses, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) to evaluate CTI's associations with CVD mortality, total CVD incidence, and all-cause mortality across sex-stratified, age-specific, and glycemic subgroups.
resultsIn this study, CTI was significantly and positively associated with CVD mortality, total CVD incidence, and all-cause mortality. CTI significantly predicted both CVD mortality (HR 2.28 [1.69-3.24]) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.14 [1.76-2.55]). Additionally, the CTI index correlated with the risk of total CVD (OR 2.85, 95% CI 2.32-3.52), congestive heart failure (OR 3.66, 95% CI 2.46-5.35), coronary heart disease (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.95-3.97), angina pectoris (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.89-4.22), heart attack (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.89-3.52), and stroke (OR 2.86, 95% CI 2.00-3.85). Specifically, the association was similar between male and female, and similar in young participants and elderly participants. In different glycemic status, high levels of CTI were found to be linked to an increased risk of CVD in individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM). However, this association was not observed in individuals with DM.
conclusionsOur analysis revealed that elevated CTI levels were significantly associated with CVD incidence and mortality. CTI may emerge as a unique predictive marker for CVD risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.