Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40751269›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of medical research2025

Comprehensive evaluation of risk factors for intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mobin Ghaderi, Maryam Afraie, Bita Pourahmad, Nona Amirimanesh, Artin Rahimi, Shobo Sheikhahmadi, Yousef Moradi

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Neuroendoscopic lavage: a single-center retrospective cohort in the USA.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mobin GhaderiStudent Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Maryam AfraieDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Bita PourahmadDepartment of Midwifery, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
Nona AmirimaneshDepartment of Neonatology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS), Tehran, Iran. Amirimanesh.nona@gmail.com.
Artin RahimiStudent Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Shobo SheikhahmadiDepartment of Pediatric, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Iran.
Yousef MoradiSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. Yousefmoradi211@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIntraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates, making early identification of risk factors critical to improving outcomes. Understanding both clinical conditions and therapeutic interventions associated with IVH can guide prevention and management strategies.

methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, incorporating 30 studies that investigated various risk factors for IVH. The studies were categorized based on the clinical conditions and therapeutic interventions involved. The data were analyzed using pooled relative risks (RR) and heterogeneity assessments, including I

resultsThe analysis revealed several significant clinical risk factors for IVH. Male gender was associated with a 15% increased risk of IVH (pooled RR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.00-1.32), while low birth weight (< 1000g) was linked to a 94% increased risk (pooled RR: 1.94, 95% CI 1.38-2.73). Other significant factors included the presence of Apgar ≤ 5 or 7 (pooled RR: 2.14, 95% CI 1.69-2.72), asphyxia (pooled RR: 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.28), and thrombocytopenia (pooled RR: 1.34, 95% CI 1.10-1.62). Neonatal conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and hyaline membrane disease (HMD) were also found to increase IVH risk significantly. In terms of therapeutic interventions, antenatal steroids were associated with a reduced risk of IVH (pooled RR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.89), while mechanical ventilation, the use of catecholamines, surfactant administration increased IVH risk significantly (pooled RR for mechanical ventilation: 3.27, 95% CI 2.77-3.86; pooled RR for surfactant: 2.32, 95% CI 1.61-3.35).

conclusionSeveral clinical factors and therapeutic interventions are associated with the risk of IVH in neonates. These findings emphasize the importance of early identification and management of high-risk neonates, as well as the need for further research to refine prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageCerebral Intraventricular HemorrhageInfant, PrematureFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMaleRisk FactorsEvidence synthesisIntraventricular hemorrhageRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID40751269
PMCPMC12315419

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.