ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2025
Efgartigimod as a Fast-Acting Add-On Therapy in Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Article in European journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efgartigimod as adjunctive therapy in refractory autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: a case series.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Efgartigimod as an Add-on Therapy for Anti-IgLON5 Disease: A Case Report.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Recurrent steroid-intolerant Hashimoto's encephalopathy responsive to single-dose neonatal Fc receptor antagonist: a case report and literature review.BMC neurology · 2026Review
- Preliminary observations on the efficacy of efgartigimod in anti-LGI1-associated autoimmune encephalitis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Myasthenia gravis complicated with autoimmune encephalitis: a review.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Case Report: Sequential FcRn blockade and B-cell depletion for treatment-refractory relapsing autoimmune encephalitis: a three-patient case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Efgartigimod as a Fast-Acting Add-On Therapy in Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a severe neurological disorder that requires effective and safe treatment options. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) plus efgartigimod (IPE) versus IVMP alone or IVMP plus immunoglobulin (IPI) as initial treatments for antibody-mediated AE.
methodsA retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted to compare treatment responses between the IPE group and the IVMP or IPI groups at baseline and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Responses were assessed using the Clinical Assessment Scale (CASE) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, with propensity score matching (PSM) applied to adjust for confounding variables.
resultsA total of 122 patients with surface antibody-mediated AE were included. After 1:1 PSM, 16 pairs (IPE vs. IVMP) and 15 pairs (IPE vs. IPI) were matched. At 2 weeks post-treatment, the IPE group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in CASE scores from baseline (ΔCASE: 6.5 [IQR = 3.3-8.8] vs. 3.0 [0.0-6.0]) and mRS scores from baseline (ΔmRS: 1.5 [1.0-2.0] vs. 1.0 [0.0-1.0]) compared to the IVMP group, along with a higher proportion of favorable outcomes (mRS ≤ 2: 75.0% vs. 20.0%). No significant differences in CASE or mRS score changes were observed between the IPE and IPI groups over the 12-week follow-up period. Only one mild case of facial rash was reported during efgartigimod treatment, which resolved promptly.
conclusionsEfgartigimod, when added to IVMP treatment, demonstrates rapid efficacy and favorable safety in antibody-positive AE. These findings suggest the need for further investigation in larger clinical trials.
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Registered trials
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