SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2025
The effect of probiotics on the diarrhea and constipation outcomes in children: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy of probiotic-supplemented formula in treating chronic diarrhea in children aged 6-43 months: evidence based on a randomized controlled trial.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- Commentary: The effect of probiotics on the diarrhea and constipation outcomes in children: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The existing literature on the effects of probiotics on diarrhea and constipation outcomes remains inconsistent. Therefore, this umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses aims to provide a concise and definite understanding in relation to the effect of probiotics on diarrhea and constipation in children. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was carried out in on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to December 2024. The overall effect size was calculated using random effect model. Also, subgroup analyses were performed regarding age group, health condition, single or multi-strain probiotics. Results: This umbrella study comprises a systematic review of 35 studies. Our findings illustrated that probiotics reduce odds [odds ratio (OR) = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27, 0.94] and risk of diarrhea incidence [relative risk (RR) = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.71] compared to control group, meaningfully. Also, it is successful in reducing diarrhea duration [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -1.85; 95% CI: -2.83, -0.86] and [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.94; 95% CI: -1.32, -0.56] significantly. Moreover, probiotics supplementation resulted in decreased stool frequency (WMD = -0.21; 95% CI: -0.37, -0.04). Probiotics prevent diarrhea by about 36% (RR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.65(, and significantly improved diarrhea treatment (SMD = -0.49; 95% CI: -0.59, -0.38). Also, the analyses revealed that probiotics significantly impact on constipation (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.37). Conclusion: This meta-analysis supports the potential role of probiotics in relation to diarrhea and constipation outcome in children. Probiotic supplementation contributed to a declined risk and odds of diarrhea incidence. Also, probiotic supplementation was accompanied with decreased diarrhea duration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.