ArticleScientific reports2025
Psychometric validation and correlates of the personal safety perception scale (PSPS-26) as a multidimensional measure of perceived safety.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Development and validation of the lifetime sense of safety scale in Kenyan adults.Communications medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aims to develop and validate the Personal Safety Perception Scale (PSPS-26) as a wide-spectrum tool to capture the multidimensional construct of perceived personal safety. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1228 adults in Lebanon using an online survey. The PSPS-26 was developed through a modified Delphi technique and literature review, followed by expert consensus. The final 26-item scale was administered alongside validated measures of stress (PSQ-30), financial well-being (IFDFW), and health status (EQ-5D-5L). Construct validity was assessed using principal component analysis with Promax rotation, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to examine the associations between perceived safety and sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. The PSPS-26 was validated with five factors: "Fear of Crime", "Safety Confidence", "Feeling Safe", "Neighborhood Walkability", and "Safety at Night", showing strong reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.835). Higher stress significantly associated with lower overall safety perception (Beta = - 0.158), especially in safety confidence (Beta = - 0.068) and safety at night (Beta = - 0.062). Enhanced health well-being significantly improved overall safety perception (Beta = 0.058) and feeling safe (Beta = 0.028). Financial well-being was positively and significantly correlated to overall safety perception (Beta = 0.204) and dimensions of fear of crime (Beta = 0.133), safety confidence (Beta = 0.033), and feeling safe (Beta = 0.035). Other significant factors included gender, health insurance coverage, access to healthcare, employment, education, residence area, and marital status. The PSPS-26 is a reliable and valid tool for assessing multidimensional personal safety perception. Its association with stress, health, and financial well-being underscores the importance of integrating psychological and socioeconomic factors into safety-related public health and policy strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.