Evidence mapPaperPMID 40765679Full record

ArticleJournal of toxicology2025

Daily Supplementation of High Doses of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction From Palm Oil Produced No Toxic Effects in Healthy Mice.

Nevvin Raaj Morgan, Saatheeyavaane Bhuvanendran, Purushotham Krishnappa, Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nevvin Raaj MorganFood as Medicine Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6212-9916
Saatheeyavaane BhuvanendranFood as Medicine Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-0163
Purushotham KrishnappaPathology Division, School of Medicine, IMU University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-2737
Ammu Kutty RadhakrishnanFood as Medicine Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-907X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The vitamin E derived from palm oil, known as the tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), has been reported to possess potent anticancer and immunomodulatory effects in numerous cell-based and animal models of breast cancer (BC). However, only a low dose of TRF (50 mg/kg, equivalent to 1 mg/day) has been tested, which resulted in incomplete effects in a mouse model of BC. In addition, there are no scientific data on the toxic effects of TRF on the internal organs. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing higher doses of TRF on biochemical parameters and histology of internal organs in female BALB/c mice. In brief, 30 female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to one of the six study groups (five mice/group). The mice were fed daily with vehicle (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, or 250 mg/kg of TRF for 28 days by oral gavage. The results show that the subacute exposure of TRF showed no toxic effects in the animals from all the groups, as evaluated through some biochemical tests (alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine, and urea) and histology of the liver. In conclusion, female BALB/c mice fed daily with 250 mg/kg of TRF showed no signs of distress or adverse effects.

Indexed as

sub-acute exposuretocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF)toxicityvitamin E

Identifiers

PMID40765679
PMCPMC12324908

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.