Intensive Value Utilization of Food-Derived Marine Immunoactive Peptides: Optimizing the Process Yield and Improving the Delivery Efficiency According to the Immune Activity Mechanism and Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis.

Food-borne marine active peptides have been increasingly used as functional products for postoperative rehabilitation. However, there are still many problems, such as low protein yield and absorption rate. Therefore, the assisted enzymatic hydrolysis process and activity of marine immunoreactive peptides have been the focus of widespread attention. In particular, they are used as natural immunomodulators to improve intestinal microbiota and immune damage. Most peptides are barely digested by the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the immune microenvironment-damaged intestine. How to make the damaged intestine fully absorb active substances has become an urgent problem to be solved in food distribution. Therefore, the optimization process method is summarized to improve the quality and efficiency, and according to the immune activity mechanism combined with peptide self-assembly food application, which provides an alternative for the design of functional products. Sustained release of peptide-derived hydrogels increases their retention time in the body and promotes complete absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. By targeting release and enhancing biologically active functions, peptides avoid enzymatic hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby improving the stability of food-derived immunoactive peptide delivery. Moreover, with the increasing correlation between food-borne products and intestinal flora, the active sites of food-borne immunoactive peptides and metal ion chelating peptides are more conducive to the micro-regulation of intestinal flora. This review provides an opportunity for food and drug applications and development related to immunotherapy.