ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2025
Externalizing as a common genetic influence for a broad spectrum of substance use and behavioral conditions: A developmental perspective from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026Review
- Gene-Environment Interplay Beyond Interactions: Psychosocial Environments Mediate Genetic Effects Underlying Externalizing-Behavior Trajectories.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Cortical Structure Alterations in Young People With Mild Internet Gaming Disorder.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Externalizing as a common genetic influence for a broad spectrum of substance use and behavioral conditions: A developmental perspective from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsRecent large studies have established the genetic basis of several conceptually linked phenotypes of externalizing. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for these constructs are associated with a range of substance use and mental disorder phenotypes but have not been examined with both pharmacological and non-pharmacological addictive behaviors, or across a developmental window. This study identified biological pathways responsible for observed associations between PRSs and addiction phenotypes. DESIGN, SETTING,
participantsWe selected genome-wide association studies of 22 phenotypes, including substance use, general factors of externalizing and addiction, impulsivity and psychiatric conditions. Using summary statistics, we constructed PRSs in the offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (n MEASUREMENTS: We examined the associations between PRSs and addiction-related phenotypes including substance use, gambling, eating behaviors and internet use across different life stages, from adolescence to young adulthood. PRSs were partitioned by biological pathways to examine the common and unique mechanisms underlying the genetics of addiction-related phenotypes.
findingsThe PRS of externalizing factor (PRS
conclusionsThere appears to be genetic evidence implicating externalizing as a common mechanism of substance and behavioral addictive behaviors. These results support the shared genetic liability across substance misuse, problematic gambling and internet use, and demonstrate the potential utility of externalizing traits as a transdiagnostic dimension across diverse forms of psychopathology. Notably, the predictive power of externalizing genetic liability appears developmentally dynamic, supporting the view that externalizing represents a broad, non-time-invariant risk factor that may give way to more specific disorder-related influences over time.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.