Evidence mapPaperPMID 40767442Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2025

Repeat Expansion and Somatic Instability in TCF4 in Patients With Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Identified by Small Pool PCR.

Sayo Maeno, Arisa Yamashita, Yoshinori Oie, Ryota Koto, Chifune Kai, Nozomi Nishida, Masayuki Nakamori, Motokazu Tsujikawa, Kohji Nishida

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sayo MaenoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Arisa YamashitaDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Yoshinori OieDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Ryota KotoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Chifune KaiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Nozomi NishidaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Masayuki NakamoriDepartment of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Motokazu TsujikawaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Kohji NishidaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate trinucleotide repeat (TNR) expansion and somatic repeat instability in the TCF4 gene using small pool polymerase chain reaction (SP-PCR) in patients with Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Methods: We selected 15 patients with FECD who had an abnormal CTG extension allele of 50 or more in the TCF4 gene via a short tandem repeat (STR) assay and triplet repeat primed PCR (TP-PCR). Expanded repeat number and variations in the number of repeat expansion within the leukocyte DNA of these 15 patients were examined via SP-PCR. DNA was collected from the corneal endothelium of a patient who underwent keratoplasty. Subsequently, SP-PCR was performed to compare the expanded alleles in the corneal endothelium and leukocytes. Results: SP-PCR of the patients showed TNR expansion in TCF4, with an average maximum repeat number of 1602 ± 1258. The average expanded allele variation was 19 ± 15, indicating somatic repeat instability. Additionally, the maximum repeat number and somatic repeat instability varied significantly among patients, with a significant correlation between them (R = 0.84, P < 0.05). The maximum number of CTG repeats in the corneal endothelium was greater than that in leukocytes. Conclusions: Somatic repeat instability was observed in the leukocytes of the patients, demonstrating a correlation with the maximum number of repeats. Our results also indicated that TNR expansion of genomic DNA in the corneal endothelium was higher than that in the leukocytes of patients with FECD.

Indexed as

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsDNAFuchs' Endothelial DystrophyGenomic InstabilityPolymerase Chain ReactionTranscription Factor 4Transcription FactorsTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionAgedAllelesEndothelium, CornealFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsDNATCF4 protein, humanTranscription Factor 4Transcription Factors

Identifiers

PMID40767442
PMCPMC12347246

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.