Evidence mapPaperPMID 40768046Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2025

Ethnic differences in beta cell function and pancreatic fat in Black African and White European men across a spectrum of glucose tolerance.

Gráinne Whelehan, Olah Hakim, Meera Ladwa, Oluwatoyosi Bello, Danielle H Bodicoat, A Margot Umpleby, Stephanie A Amiel, Louise M Goff

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Article in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gráinne WhelehanDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-4349
Olah HakimSchool of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7134-4773
Meera LadwaDepartment of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-342X
Oluwatoyosi BelloDepartment of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-0425
Danielle H BodicoatIndependent Researcher, Leicester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2184-4865
A Margot UmplebyFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6147-7919
Stephanie A AmielSchool of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-5531
Louise M GoffDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. louise.goff@leicester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9633-8759

Funding

Diabetes UK 12/0004473Diabetes UK 14/0004967
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisPeople of Black African (BA) ancestry are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes when compared with people of White European (WE) descent, despite lower levels of ectopic fat. Impaired beta cell function is a key pathophysiological feature of type 2 diabetes. It remains to be determined whether an associative relationship exists between intrapancreatic lipid (IPL) accumulation and beta cell function, and whether this differs by ethnicity.

methodsFifty-three BA (23 normal glucose tolerance, 11 impaired glucose tolerance and 19 type 2 diabetes) and 51 WE (23/13/15) men underwent a hyperglycaemic clamp and mixed-meal tolerance test to assess insulin secretion and beta cell function, a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp to measure insulin sensitivity and Dixon MRI to determine IPL. Associations between IPL and beta cell function were assessed using linear regression.

resultsIPL was lower in BA compared with WE men (mean ± SD; 7.6 ± 2.6% vs 8.8 ± 3.7%, p=0.038), but after adjustment for waist circumference this ethnic difference no longer occurred (p=0.278). BA men with type 2 diabetes had lower total insulin secretion response to the mixed-meal (p=0.001) and hyperglycaemic clamp (p=0.002), but no ethnic differences were observed in the disposition index within glucose tolerance groups. IPL was inversely associated with beta cell function in the WE but not the BA men, but after adjustment for confounders these associations were not significant. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationEthnic differences were apparent as beta cell function was inversely associated with IPL in the WE, but not BA, men. However, in both ethnic groups, this relationship appears secondary to other factors, such as adiposity, in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucose IntoleranceInsulin-Secreting CellsPancreasAdultBlack PeopleBlood GlucoseGlucose Clamp TechniqueGlucose Tolerance TestHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceMaleMiddle AgedWhite PeopleBlood GlucoseInsulinAcute insulin responseBeta cell functionEthnic differencesInsulin secretion

Identifiers

PMID40768046
PMCPMC12423149

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.