Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40768050›Full record

ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2025

Combination of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound irradiating immune organs with immune checkpoint blockade augments systemic anti-tumor immunity on low tumor burden 4T-1 breast cancer.

Jixi Li, Linqing Wen, Yujun Guo, Dan Yao, Bihang Sun, Hai Mou, Nianzhi Chen, Kun Zhou, Yan Wang, Wenzhi Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jixi LiState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Linqing WenState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Yujun GuoState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Dan YaoState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Bihang SunState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Hai MouState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Nianzhi ChenShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Kun ZhouClinical Center for Tumor Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
Yan WangState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Wenzhi ChenState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. chenwz@cqmu.edu.cn.

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under 2023MD734135Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite achieving complete remission (CR) through surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and other treatment modalities, breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains at a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Enhancing anti-tumor immunity to eliminate residual tumor cells may reduce TNBC relapse. Our previous research indicated low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can activate the anti‑tumor immunity. Here, we explore the potential of the suitable strategy with LIPUS, and the combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-1 antibody (αPD-1) to anti‑tumor immunity in TNBC.

methodsIn the xenografted mouse model, different times (7, 14, 21, and 28d) and organs (spleen, bone marrow, spleen + bone marrow) of LIPUS were received to experimental groups. In 4T-1 low tumor burden model, after LIPUS irradiated different organs for 28d or combined with αPD-1, the tumor volume, lung metastasis, and survival time were observed. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, multiplex immunofluorescence, and ELISA were performed to elucidate detailed impacts of LIPUS or combination treatment on anti‑tumor immunity. RNA-seq was used to preliminarily explore the biological mechanism of LIPUS.

resultsLIPUS inhibited the growth of 4T-1 xenografted, and the irradiation time was the main factor. In 4T-1 low tumor burden model, further studies had shown that LIPUS of spleen + bone marrow could best active anti‑tumor immunity primarily through CD8

conclusionsIrradiating the spleen and bone marrow with LIPUS for 28 days may be an applicable treatment strategy, as it induces an increase in CD8

Indexed as

Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsUltrasonic TherapyUltrasonic WavesAnimalsCell Line, TumorCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHumansMiceMice, Inbred BALB CTumor BurdenXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors4T-1 breast cancerAnti-tumor immunityImmune checkpoint blockadeLow-intensity pulsed ultrasoundLow tumor burdenTriple-negative breast cancer

Identifiers

PMID40768050
PMCPMC12328881

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.