Evidence mapPaperPMID 40769978Full record

ReviewSignal transduction and targeted therapy2025

Immunosenescence: signaling pathways, diseases and therapeutic targets.

Yichu Fu, Binhan Wang, Aqu Alu, Weiqi Hong, Hong Lei, Xuemei He, Huashan Shi, Ping Cheng, Xiangliang Yang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Epigenetic aging in Alzheimer's disease: Relation to proteome.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Challenge-based ex vivo immune profiling reveals stimulus-dependent peripheral immune reprogramming in Alzheimer's disease.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  10. Lecanemab treatment improves B cell subpopulation immune homeostasis in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
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  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
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  16. Review
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  20. Review

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yichu Fu *College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Binhan Wang *Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Aqu Alu *Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9981-0120
Weiqi HongLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1668-2301
Hong LeiLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Xuemei HeLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Huashan ShiDepartment of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. shihuashan@scu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-9958-9892
Ping ChengLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. ping.cheng@foxmail.com.
Xiangliang YangNational Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. yangxl@hust.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-0683-8763

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunosenescence refers to the abnormal activation or dysfunction of the immune system as people age. Inflammaging is a typical pathological inflammatory state associated with immunosenescence and is characterized by excessive expression of proinflammatory cytokines in aged immune cells. Chronic inflammation contributes to a variety of age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmune diseases. Although not fully understood, recent studies contribute greatly to uncovering the underlying mechanisms of immunosenescence at the molecular and cellular levels. Immunosenescence is associated with dysregulated signaling pathways (e.g., overactivation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and downregulation of the melatonin signaling pathway) and abnormal immune cell responses with functional alterations and phenotypic shifts. These advances remarkably promote the development of countermeasures against immunosenescence for the treatment of age-related diseases. Some anti-immunosenescence treatments have already shown promising results in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of immunosenescence and summarize the critical role of immunosenescence in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. Potential interventions to mitigate immunosenescence, including reshaping immune organs, targeting different immune cells or signaling pathways, and nutritional and lifestyle interventions, are summarized. Some treatment strategies have already launched into clinical trials. This study aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive introduction to the basic and clinical research progress of immunosenescence, thus accelerating research on immunosenescence in related diseases and promoting the development of targeted therapy.

Indexed as

AgingAutoimmune DiseasesImmunosenescenceInflammationNeoplasmsNeurodegenerative DiseasesSignal TransductionAnimalsHumansNF-kappa BNF-kappa B

Identifiers

PMID40769978
PMCPMC12328749

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.