Evidence mapPaperPMID 40770907Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025

Digitally enhanced ketogenic diet versus low-fat diet for cardio-renal-metabolic health in a predominantly Hispanic adult population with overweight or obesity: Pilot randomised clinical trial.

Yan Du, Jing Wang, Shiyu Li, Christiane Meireles, Afaf Saliba, Alondra Castillo, Martin Goros, Johnathan Gelfond, Byeong Yeob Choi, Lu Qi and 2 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yan DuSchool of Nursing, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-3989
Jing WangCollege of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Shiyu LiSchool of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Christiane MeirelesSchool of Nursing, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Afaf SalibaCenter for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Alondra CastilloWaco Family Medicine, Waco, Texas, USA.
Martin GorosDepartment of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Johnathan GelfondDepartment of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Byeong Yeob ChoiDepartment of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Lu QiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8041-7791
Chengdong LiCollege of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Kumar SharmaCenter for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Funding

San Antonio OAIC - Research Education Component (REC)P30AG044271 · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · 2025 to 2025
$1.3M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001427NIA NIH HHS P30 AG044271NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences UL1TR001427San Antonio Older Americans Independence Center Mentored Research Career Development Program RL5; NIH/NIAP30AG044271The 80/20 Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsIndividuals respond differently to diets for weight loss and cardio-renal-metabolic health. Advances in digital health and metabolomics hold promise for personalised lifestyle interventions. The study evaluated the feasibility and the preliminary efficacy of a digitally enhanced ketogenic diet compared with a low-fat diet, and explored the potential to use metabolites to guide personalised lifestyle interventions via digital health tools. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe study randomised 60 adults living with overweight or obesity to a ketogenic diet (n = 30) or a low-fat diet (n = 30). Both groups received digital lifestyle interventions, including digitally delivered education sessions, mobile and wearable devices to monitor lifestyle behaviour and health indicators, and weekly individualised feedback through digital communication platforms. Clinical outcomes (e.g., weight, blood pressure (BP), HbA1c) and targeted metabolites were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Intention-to-treat analysis and linear mixed models were used to assess group and time differences.

resultsThe study successfully enrolled the planned sample size (N = 60) within 1 year despite COVID-19-related challenges. Retention rates were 73.3% at 3 months and 71.7% at 6 months. Participants were 58.3% Hispanic. No significant differences in clinical or metabolic outcomes were observed between the groups, except that the ketogenic group had significantly higher ketone levels than the low-fat group at 3 months (b = 0.2, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.35], p = 0.015). Both groups showed significant weight and Body Mass Index reductions at 3 and 6 months. HbA1c improved only in the ketogenic group (baseline: 6.0 ± 0.9%; 3-month: 5.5 ± 0.7%, p < 0.001; 6-month: 5.7 ± 0.8%, p = 0.004), and systolic blood pressure (BP) improved in the ketogenic group at 3 months (131.2 ± 12.9 to 123.1 ± 11.2, p = 0.006). Most targeted metabolites (e.g., isoleucine, leucine) decreased significantly from baseline to 3- (~21/29 metabolites) and 6-month (~22/29 metabolites) within both groups.

conclusionsDigitally enhanced lifestyle intervention was feasible. Both diets, enhanced by digital tools, were efficacious in weight reduction. The ketogenic diet showed potential benefits for glycaemic and BP control. Metabolite changes reflect sensitive responses to lifestyle interventions. Further research is warranted to explore the integration of digital tools and metabolic data for developing personalised lifestyle interventions.

Indexed as

Diet, Fat-RestrictedDiet, KetogenicObesityOverweightAdultBlood PressureFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsTelemedicineWeight Lossclinical trialdietary interventiontype 2 diabetesweight control

Identifiers

PMID40770907
PMCPMC12515782

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.