ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025
Age of menopause and dementia risk in 10,832 women from the Swedish Twin Registry.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Menopause status and its role in incident Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease severity, and overall mortality in women with RA.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2026Article
- Liver Fibrosis and the Risks of Impaired Cognition and Dementia: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The gut-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease: early detection, microbial metabolites, mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- The Interplay of Genes and Environment Across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) Consortium After Fifteen Years.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2025Article
- Age of menopause and dementia risk in 10,832 women from the Swedish Twin Registry.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
introductionAn earlier age of menopause (AOM) is hypothesized to increase vulnerability to the neuropathological processes of dementia, which begin in midlife.
methodsWe tested this hypothesis in a sample of 10,832 women from the Swedish Twin Registry, stratified by menopause etiology.
resultsSurvival models showed that a U-shaped association was present for women whose menopause occurred spontaneously. Sensitivity analyses conducted in hormone naïve, apolipoprotein E ε4+, and AOM restricted subsamples showed largely analogous patterns of results. DISCUSSION: Supporting conclusions from basic research, our results suggest that estrogens (proxied here by AOM) influence several biological pathways mediating dementia disease processes. In line with trends in hormone research across the past century, our findings challenge the oversimplified "more-is-better" perspective on hormone exposure and highlight the need for cross-disciplinary approaches to better understand the interacting endocrine and biopsychosocial factors that underlie the association between AOM and dementia pathogenesis. HIGHLIGHTS: We found a U-shaped association of timing of spontaneous menopause and dementia risk. We also found a negative linear association of age of induced menopause and dementia risk. Restriction to a hormone-naïve sample did not alter the pattern of results. Conducted exploration of the impact of common survival model parameter choices on results.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.