Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40772453›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Reproductive health history and later life cognition in African Caribbean women.

Yixiao Song, Caterina Rosano, Ryan K Cvejkus, Adrianna I Acevedo-Fontánez, Joseph M Zmuda, Victor Wheeler, Janet M Catov, Iva Miljkovic

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Reproductive health history and later life cognition in African Caribbean women.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yixiao SongDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Caterina RosanoDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0909-1506
Ryan K CvejkusDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Adrianna I Acevedo-FontánezDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Joseph M ZmudaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Victor WheelerTobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago.
Janet M CatovDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Iva MiljkovicDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3155-9777

Funding

Translational Research Training in Sleep MedicineT32HL082610 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Daniel J. Buysse, PETER L FRANZEN · 2007 to 2026
$5.8M
Myosteatosis, Cognition, and Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease in Persons of African AncestryRF1AG077474 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MILJKOVIC, IVA, ROSANO, CATERINA · 2022 to 2024
$3.6M
Epidemiology of Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension in African CaribbeansR01HL143793 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MILJKOVIC, IVA · 2018 to 2021
$2.7M
AAF is a postdoctoral scholar supported by the Sleep T32 Training Grant HL082610NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL143793NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL082610NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG077474
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDementia prevalence is higher in women, in particular those of African ancestry. Reproductive health may influence dementia risk, yet data from the Caribbean are lacking. We assessed the association of reproductive health with cognition in the Tobago Women's Health Study.

methodsThis population-based study recruited middle to older aged women from the Caribbean Island of Tobago. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Seven indicators of reproductive health were collected via interviews. Multivariable regression models estimated the association between reproductive indicators and DSST score.

resultsAmong 776 women (mean age 55.8 ± 8.9 years), the mean number of live births was 2.83 ± 2.4, and 22% experienced at least one pregnancy complication. Later age at first live birth (mean age 22.7 ± 5.4 years) was significantly associated with higher DSST score (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), independent of other reproductive factors. DISCUSSION: Older age at the time of first live birth appears protective for cognitive function among African Caribbean women. HIGHLIGHTS: Later age at first birth is linked to better cognitive function, independent of other reproductive, demographic, and health factors. This study provides novel insights into cognitive aging among African Caribbean women, an understudied population, addressing a critical gap in research on reproductive history and cognition. This study highlights the need for further research on the longitudinal association between reproductive history and cognition, particularly in African Caribbean women.

Indexed as

Black PeopleCognitionReproductive HealthReproductive HistoryAdultAgedCaribbean RegionFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsPregnancyTrinidad and TobagoAfrican Caribbean womenage at first birthcognitiondementiaDigit Symbol Substitution Testreproductive healthwomen's health

Identifiers

PMID40772453
PMCPMC12329571

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.