ReviewBioelectronic medicine2025
The role of electrical stimulation in bone regeneration: mechanistic insights and therapeutic advances.
Review in Bioelectronic medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Electrical stimulation as an emerging strategy in bone repair: Mechanisms, applications, and advances.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- SA/HA double-network hydrogel combined with PVDF electret membrane enhances osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and promotes mandibular bone defect repair.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Advances and Challenges in Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials, Cellular Strategies, and Clinical Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Clinical Applications of Biophysical Stimuli Technologies for Bone Healing.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Vibration or Stretch? Distinct Mechanoelectrical Signatures Govern Osteogenic Programming in PVDF.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Sculpting the Future of Bone: The Evolution of Absorbable Materials in Orthopedics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Piezoelectric scaffolds for bone regeneration: a systematic review of preclinical studies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- The role of an ultrasound-responsive injectable piezoelectric hydrogel in promoting nerve regeneration and alleviating neuropathic pain.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Pulsed electromagnetic field effectively improves musculoskeletal degeneration and inflammation levels in a rat model of osteosarcopenia: an experimental study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Harnessing piezoelectricity for bone tissue engineering: recapitulating the electrophysiological microenvironment through smart biomaterials.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Nonunion in Long Bone Fractures: A Comprehensive Review of Current Treatment Strategies.Cureus · 2025Review
- Electrospinning for Mimicking Bioelectric Microenvironment in Tissue Regeneration.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex biological process that involves the coordinated action of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). While bone possesses an intrinsic ability to heal, large defects, delayed unions, and non-unions require advanced therapeutic interventions. Electrical stimulation (ES) has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance bone healing by modulating cellular activity, promoting osteogenic differentiation, and accelerating vascularization. This review explores the mechanistic role of bioelectrical cues in bone regeneration, emphasizing the influence of voltage-gated ion channels, particularly voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), in transducing electrical signals into biochemical responses. Various types of ES modalities, including direct current (DC), capacitive coupling (CC), Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF), and piezoelectric stimulation, are evaluated for their effectiveness in clinical and preclinical applications. Additionally, the synergistic potential of ES when combined with biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors is discussed. Despite promising results, challenges remain in translating preclinical findings to clinical applications, with key hurdles including standardization of treatment protocols, variability in patient responses, and regulatory constraints. Large-animal models have provided insights into the efficacy of ES-based therapies, but limitations in field penetration and treatment reproducibility hinder widespread adoption. Future advancements in bioelectronic medicine, smart scaffolds, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven personalized therapies hold potential to optimize ES-based bone regeneration. Addressing current limitations through interdisciplinary research will be critical in establishing ES as a mainstream therapeutic approach in orthopedic and maxillofacial regenerative medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.