ArticleCancer medicine2025
CXCL16 Producing Tumor Clones Are Shaping Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Squamous Cell Carcinoma via CXCR6 Regulatory T Cell.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancements in understanding and treating CXCL16/CXCR6 in tumors and in inflammatory diseases: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CXCL16 Producing Tumor Clones Are Shaping Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Squamous Cell Carcinoma via CXCR6 Regulatory T Cell.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are the most prevalent types of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and exhibit significant inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. cSCC has a higher metastatic potential than BCC, accompanied by a considerable mortality rate. However, the detailed mechanisms of tumor evolution in cSCC have not yet been described.
methodsWe performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and T cell receptor (TCR) clonal analysis of skin biopsies from five BCCs, three squamous cell carcinomas in situ (SCCIS), and two invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Independent SCC specimens were used for spatial transcriptomic (ST) analysis using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP).
resultUsing scRNA-seq, we analyzed a total of 117,663 cells. We distinguished cancer cells using copy number variation and identified SCC-specific genes that potentially contribute to tumor progression. Analysis of tumor clones revealed SCC-specific COL6A1+/ITGA5+ carcinoma cells which produce CXCL16. We also annotated CXCR6+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) which potentially move toward the tumor site by CXCL16, shaping the immunosuppressive TME. ST analysis supported these clones were located at the invasion site of SCC.
conclusionWe suggest COL6A1 and ITGA5 promote the invasive and metastatic property of SCC. We also uncovered how SCC recruits Tregs via the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis to create a TME favorable for its survival. These molecules can be used as potential therapeutic targets for treatment of SCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.