ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2025
Cytokine, Chemokine, and Neurofilament Light Chain Signatures in LGI1 Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- The cascade to pathogenicity in autoantibody-mediated CNS diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Kappa Free Light Chain for Diagnosis and Neurofilament Light Chain for Prognosis in Autoimmune Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Protein Profiling Identifies Biomarkers for Predicting Disease Severity in Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Minute-Resolution Sampling Reveals Rapid and Stimulus-Specific IL-1β Dynamics During Acute Epileptiform Activity.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Plasma proteome in LGI-1 autoimmune encephalitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Neuronal autoantibodies in neurodegenerative dementia: From evidence to clinical framework.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Review
- Galectin-3 Promotes Graft Injury via NLRP3 Pyroptosis in Steatotic Liver Transplantation: A Therapeutic Target for Donor Optimization.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Article
- Neuroglial markers of damage in autoimmune neurology.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Review
- Immunopathological mechanisms in autoimmune encephalitis: from pathogenesis to targeted therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of DNA methylation-mucosal innate immunity crosstalk in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the value of cytokine, chemokine, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations in predicting relapse risk, chronic epilepsy, and functional impairment in LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis (AE).
methodsCytokines/chemokines (IL-1-beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, BAFF) and NfL concentrations were measured in CSF and paired serum from LGI1-AE patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic (01/2015-02/2024), using a multiplex immunoassay system (ELLA, Bio-Techne) and correlated with clinical outcomes. A laboratory-based cohort of LGI1-IgG-positive patients and control cohorts, including patients with mixed non-inflammatory disorders (MNID), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were analyzed.
resultsForty-four patients with LGI1-AE were included; 29 (66%) were male, with a median age of 68.5 years (range, 8-85). Median time from symptom onset to CSF sampling was eight months (IQR, 3-17); 19/42 (45%) experienced a clinical relapse and 27% developed chronic epilepsy. Serum IL-6, serum and CSF IL-8/CXCL8, and IL-17A were higher in LGI1-IgG positive patients than MNID (p < 0.05). TLE cytokine/chemokine profiles were similar to LGI1 AE; AD patients had lower serum IL-6 and CSF IL-8/CXCL8 (p = 0.04; p = 0.01), and higher serum IL-17A and GM-CSF (p = 0.004; p = 0.01) than LGI1-AE. Higher CSF IL-6 and IL-8/CXCL8 in LGI1-AE associated with clinical relapse (p < 0.05) and higher CSF NfL associated with chronic epilepsy (p = 0.01).
conclusionElevations in IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, and IL-17A were identified in this LGI1-AE cohort. CSF IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, and NfL levels are potential prognostic biomarkers for risk of relapse and chronic epilepsy in LGI1-AE.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.