Evidence mapPaperPMID 40783140Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine2025

The heterogeneity of youth at risk of prediabetes and diabetes: A latent class analysis of a United States national sample.

Catherine McDonough, Yan Chak Li, Gaurav Pandey, Nita Vangeepuram, Bian Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Catherine McDonoughDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Yan Chak LiDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Gaurav PandeyDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Nita VangeepuramDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Bian LiuDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: bian.liu@mountsinai.org.

Funding

NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG011407NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK131555
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePrediabetes and diabetes are complex conditions associated with interrelated factors from multiple domains, including lifestyle, health, and sociodemographic status. We aimed to identify youth subgroups with co-occurring features from these domains to inform prevention and intervention efforts.

methodsWe analyzed data from 1278 adolescents (ages 12-17 years) from the 2011-2018 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Prediabetes/diabetes was defined using hemoglobin A1c (≥5.7 mg/dL) and/or fasting plasma glucose (≥100 mg/dL). We applied latent class analysis of physical activity, diet quality, screen time, and body mass index (BMI) identified subgroups adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Associations between latent class membership and prediabetes/diabetes were assessed using survey-weighted logistic regression.

resultsFour classes emerged: High BMI and unhealthy lifestyle (37.5 %), Healthy BMI and physically active (24.7 %), Healthy BMI and lifestyle (16.0 %), and Average BMI and lifestyle (21.8 %). Compared to youth in the High BMI and unhealthy lifestyle class, youth in the other three classes all had lower odds of prediabetes/diabetes, where the adjusted odds ratio was 0.56 (95 % CI: 0.33-0.95) for youth of the Healthy BMI and active class, 0.46 (95 % CI: 0.21-1.01) for youth in the Healthy BMI and lifestyle class, and 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.42-1.10) for youth in the Average BMI and lifestyle class.

conclusionsThe latent class analysis revealed four youth subgroups with different lifestyle, health, and sociodemographic characteristics, and youth prediabetes/diabetes status was associated with the latent class membership. The results suggest potential heterogeneous interventions over one-size-fits-all approaches to mitigate prediabetes/diabetes risk among youth.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusPrediabetic StateAdolescentBlood GlucoseBody Mass IndexChildDietExerciseFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansLatent Class AnalysisLife StyleMaleNutrition SurveysRisk FactorsBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinBody mass indexDietNHANESPhysical activityScreen timeType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40783140
PMCPMC12369951

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.