Evidence mapPaperPMID 40786281Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Impact of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Modulation on Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Mechanistic Evidence.

Muhammad Kamal Subhani, Astrit Sabani, Osman Omer, Fatima Kheirelsid, Abeer K Srour

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Muhammad Kamal SubhaniInternal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
Astrit SabaniMedicine and Surgery, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD.
Osman OmerIntegrative Medicine, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, SAU.
Fatima KheirelsidInternal Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, SDN.
Abeer K SrourGeneral Practice, Palestine Medical Complex, Ramallah, PSE.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review explores the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) on cognitive and neuropsychiatric outcomes, synthesizing evidence from clinical and preclinical studies investigating RAAS-modulating therapies such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). A comprehensive literature search across four major databases yielded seven studies that met the inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and one animal model experiment. The findings suggest that RAAS modulation, particularly through ARBs, may offer cognitive benefits in certain populations, especially those with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or vascular risk factors. Some studies demonstrated improvements in executive function, memory, and global cognition, while others found no statistically significant effect on neurodegeneration or cognitive decline. Mechanistic insights indicate that RAAS-targeting interventions may reduce neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and microvascular dysfunction, which are pathways implicated in cognitive impairment. Although promising, the evidence is varied in methodological quality and consistency, highlighting the need for future trials with cognitive endpoints as primary outcomes.

Indexed as

ace inhibitorsalzheimer's diseaseangiotensin receptor blockerscognitive declinedementiahypertensionneuropsychiatric outcomesrenin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40786281
PMCPMC12331533

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.