Evidence mapPaperPMID 40786421Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Elucidating the Role of MicroRNAs in Regulating Insulin Signaling Pathways: Implications for the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

Imran Khan, Muhammad Hamza Saeed, Ammarah Amjad, Faiza Khan, Qudsia Umaira Khan, Sohail Khan Raja, Rida Khan

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Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Imran KhanMedicine, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, GBR.
Muhammad Hamza SaeedInternal Medicine, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, GBR.
Ammarah AmjadPharmacology, HBS Medical and Dental College, Rawalpindi, PAK.
Faiza KhanMedicine, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, PAK.
Qudsia Umaira KhanPhysiology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, PAK.
Sohail Khan RajaPulmonology, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, PAK.
Rida KhanMedical Affairs, Medical Associates Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background This retrospective cross-sectional analysis assessed the regulatory role of microRNA-375 (miR-375) in the insulin signaling pathway and its clinical relevance for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Pakistani cohort. Methodology The study analyzed data from 300 adult patients with clinically confirmed T2DM to identify associations between miR-375 expression levels, insulin signaling pathway-specific biomarkers, glycemic indices, and treatment response. Results The mean miR-375 levels were found to be inversely correlated with HbA1c (r = -0.31, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with both insulin receptor substrate 1 expression (r = 0.29, p < 0.01) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity (r = 0.25, p < 0.01), indicating a proportionately enhanced insulin sensitivity with increased miR-375 expression. The one-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in the expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) between the three therapy response groups, with improved therapy responders displaying higher GLUT4 levels (p = 0.012). Logistic regression models identified miR-375 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, p < 0.05) and Framingham Risk Score (OR = 1.46, p < 0.001) as microRNA and clinical predictors, respectively, for cardiovascular disease, indicating its promise as a potential predictive biomarker. Hierarchical k-means clustering identified distinct patient subtypes to identify a high-risk patient profile based on insulin signaling and treatment adherence behaviors. Cluster 1, with high miR-375 and insulin sensitivity indicators, was associated with superior glycemic management and fewer comorbidities among participants in the study. Conclusions The results support the incorporation of miR-375 profiling in clinical practice to improve therapeutic stratification for T2DM by providing successful treatment predictions to improve metabolic outcomes. This study builds upon earlier findings and initiates a deeper understanding of miRNA-mediated modulation of the pathophysiology associated with T2DM. miR-375 is highlighted as a candidate biomarker for precision medicine.

Indexed as

glut4hba1cinsulin signalingmicrorna-375type 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40786421
PMCPMC12335333

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.