Prevalence and determinants of poor sleep quality among patients of diabetes mellitus: a tertiary hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The effects of diabetes on sleep quality are pronounced and have a cause-effect relationship. The major aim of this study was to check for the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among patients of diabetes mellitus in Pakistan as every 1 in 4 individuals is suffering from diabetes in Pakistan. Materials and methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on diagnosed patients of diabetes mellitus from September 2023 to March 2024 using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). SPSS v.27 was used for data analysis. Frequencies, percentages for sample characteristics and means for PSQI were calculated. Chi-square and spearman were run for association and correlations respectively. Risk factors were predicted using binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 384 responses were collected with 12 excluded. The prevalence of poor sleepers came out to be 82% and poor sleep was significantly associated and correlated with increasing age, poor glycemic control, and metformin as well as income, education and duration of diabetes respectively. Presence of comorbidities and uncontrolled diabetes were the only associated risk factors. Conclusions: Pakistani population with diabetes mellitus have an extremely high rate of poor sleep quality which should be addressed by adding sleep quality-oriented guidelines in the management of diabetes.