Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40791124›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2025

Pandemic paradox: How the COVID-19 crisis transformed vaccine hesitancy into a two-edged sword.

Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Isaac A Suárez-Sangucho, Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Pablo A Santillan-Roldán, Melisa Villavicencio-Gomezjurado, Camila Salazar-Santoliva, Andrea Tello-De-la-Torre, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Esteban Ortiz-PradoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-1895-7498
Isaac A Suárez-SanguchoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Jorge Vasconez-GonzalezOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Pablo A Santillan-RoldánOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Melisa Villavicencio-GomezjuradoOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Camila Salazar-SantolivaOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Andrea Tello-De-la-TorreOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Juan S Izquierdo-CondoyOne Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines was a landmark achievement that saved millions of lives. However, this success also intensified vaccine hesitancy, as misinformation, evolving public health guidelines, and growing distrust in institutions fueled anti-vaccine sentiment. In this opinion piece, we explore the paradoxical legacy of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign - how a global scientific triumph simultaneously gave rise to an emboldened anti-vaccine movement. Drawing on international data, we highlight the association between baseline vaccine acceptance and subsequent booster uptake and interpret these trends through the lens of the Health Belief Model. We further examine the psychological, cultural, political, and structural drivers of hesitancy and outline key strategies to rebuild public trust. Addressing this crisis requires proactive, evidence-informed, and culturally sensitive approaches to safeguard the future of global immunization efforts.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesVaccinationVaccination HesitancyHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2TrustCOVID-19 Vaccinesanti-vaccine movementCOVID-19public healthSARS-CoV-2vaccines

Identifiers

PMID40791124
PMCPMC12344792

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.