Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40792066›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2025

Study of the Association of

Ahmed M Ahmed, Omar F Khabour, Yahya A Almutawif, Hamza M A Eid, Renad M Alhamawi, Zakaria Eltahir, Abdel Rahim M Muddathir, Faisal Almalki, Abdulmannan M Aman, Shahad W Kattan and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of general medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Association ofPakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Ahmed M AhmedDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-9842-9678
Omar F KhabourDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0002-3006-3104
Yahya A AlmutawifDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Hamza M A EidDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Renad M AlhamawiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Zakaria EltahirDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abdel Rahim M MuddathirDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Faisal AlmalkiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abdulmannan M AmanDepartment of General Medicine, University Medical Center, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Shahad W KattanDepartment of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, 46522, Saudi Arabia.
Awadh S AlsubhiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Amjad M YousufDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common in the Arab population. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an a vasoconstrictor agent produced by the endothelin-1 gene ( Methods: The investigation was a case-control study and included 190 T2DM patients and 120 healthy subjects. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine rs5370 genotypes among the study participants. Results: The frequency of the G allele was 78.3% among the control group and 74.7% in T2DM (P=0.306). Plasma ET-1 protein levels were higher in T2DM than in controls (p<0.01). However, no association was found between rs5370 and T2DM. The frequencies of GG, GT, and TT genotypes were 60.8%, 35%, and 4.2% in the control group and 53.7%, 42.1%, and 4.2% in the patient group, respectively (P=0.447). With respect to T2DM complications, a significantly higher incidence of nephropathy was observed among patients with TT/GT genotypes compared to patients with the GG genotype (P<0.05). Furthermore, a marginal statistical significance was found between rs5370 and cardiovascular diseases in T2DM (P=0.06). Conclusion: Circulatory ET-1 levels were elevated in T2DM. The EDN1 rs5370 polymorphism might impact the development of nephropathy in T2DM.

Indexed as

diabetesEDN1endothelin-1ET-1rs5370 polymorphismSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID40792066
PMCPMC12338325

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.