ReviewFrontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland)2025
A comprehensive review of the supraspinal mechanisms of spinal cord stimulation on chronic pain and cognition.
Review in Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sensory Blurring in Nociplastic Pain: The Role of Descending Inhibitory Dysfunction and Gut-Brain Axis Alterations in Older Adults.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Spinal cord stimulation as a novel neuromodulation strategy for enhancing language recovery in post-stroke aphasia: a hypothesis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- miRNA-let7b5p alleviates visceral hypersensitivity by inhibiting the activation of spinal microglial in male IBS-like rats.Molecular painArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. It can result in a significant reduction in quality of life and has been associated with decreased neurocognitive performance in attention, memory, and processing speed. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a surgical treatment option for drug-refractory chronic pain. Although SCS can improve pain perception and related physical well-being, the mechanisms by which SCS improves pain perception and affects cognition remain largely unknown. Here, we review the cognitive impairments and neuroanatomical changes that can arise from chronic pain and how SCS treatment impacts these. This review identifies four key regions that may modulate attention, executive and emotional functioning, and memory with SCS: the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex. These observations suggest a role for SCS to influence and modulate the cognitive-emotional aspects of pain perception. Our review provides new insights to identify potential cortical areas that can serve as biomarkers or neuromodulation targets for SCS treatment. Recognizing the changes in activity within these supraspinal regions during SCS treatment may help individualize pain treatment and induce favorable cognitive shifts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.