ArticleThe western journal of emergency medicine2025
Emergency Medical Services Calls for Service at Adult Detention Centers: A Descriptive Study.
Article in The western journal of emergency medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionIncarcerated individuals represent a vulnerable sector of society, with a disproportionate burden of substance use, mental health problems, and chronic illness. The purpe of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis of emergency medical services (EMS) response to detention facilities.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective review of Mayo Clinic Ambulance Service ground EMS emergency (9-1-1) calls for service to nine detention centers within the service area occurring between January 1, 2002-December 31,2021. We excluded calls to a 10
resultsDuring the study period, 3,114/1,231,853 (0.25%) service requests to detention facilities occurred. After accounting for exclusion criteria, the final sample size consisted of 2,034 patients. Average patient age was 40.2 ± 13.3 years of age, compared with 54.0 ± 25.9 years of age for non-detention center calls (P < 0.001). The majority (80.8%) of patients were male. Mean scene time was 14:13 ± 7:49 minutes, compared with 12:04 ± 12:27 minutes (P < 0.01) for non-detention center calls. The most common complaints were medical, behavioral emergencies, cardiac, and trauma. Obstetrics requests accounted for 5.8% of calls for female patients. Most calls (91.3%) to detention centers involved incarcerated individuals, with the remainder representing facility staff (1.5%), visitors (0.5%), and undetermined (6.7%). Nearly 4% of patients refused treatment; 48.9% of these patients were still transported. Consent for treatment/transport by the patient was documented in 6.1% of charts.
conclusionRecognizing the retrospective, single-agency nature of this study, we found that calls to detention facilities within our 9-1-1 service area predominantly involved incarcerated individuals. Consent for treatment/transport was not documented in most EMS encounters. Further study is needed to better understand the healthcare needs of these patients, including ability to consent.
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