Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40797332›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2025

Risk factors for and prognosis of postoperative cardiac events in older patients with hip fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Xuejun Li, Meixuan Wan, Shuaihao Zhang, Yuanming He, Daojing Qiu, Xiaowei Wang, Zhi Liu, Xiaobin Chen, Chunhua Xi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xuejun LiDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Meixuan WanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Shuaihao ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yuanming HeDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Daojing QiuDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Xiaowei WangDepartment of Orthopedics, The Seventh Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Zhi LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, The Seventh Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiaobin Chen *Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. dr_chenxiaobin@163.com.
Chunhua Xi *Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. tr_xichunhua@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostoperative cardiac events (PCEs) are life threatening in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for PCEs in these patients and to evaluate the impact of PCEs on all-cause mortality after surgery.

methodsA retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for hip fractures at the Seventh Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, from January 2012 to December 2020. The patients were divided into a PCE group and a non-PCE group according to whether they experienced PCEs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the independent risk factors for PCEs. Kaplan‒Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to compare the cumulative mortality between the two groups, and a Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate risk factors for mortality.

resultsWe recruited 1718 patients, 169 of whom (9.8%) had experienced PCEs. Acute heart failure (66.9%, 113/169) was the most common PCE, followed by major arrhythmia (18.9%, 32/169) and acute coronary syndrome (14.2%, 24/169). Age ≥ 80 years (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.29-2.91), male sex (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.09-2.20), a history of arrhythmia (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.07-2.48), preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.00-3.43), a higher CCI score (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.43-3.10) and an ASA classification of III or IV (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.23-2.67) were independent risk factors for PCEs. Patients with PCEs had increased cumulative mortality within 1 year (P < 0.001), and PCEs were associated with 30-day mortality (adjusted HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.09-3.65).

conclusionsPCEs are not uncommon after hip fracture surgery, and may affect mortality in the early postoperative period. Patients with advanced age, male sex, a history of arrhythmia, preoperative DVT, and a higher CCI score and ASA classification are more likely to develop PCEs. Strengthening perioperative care should be considered to avoid potential PCEs in patients with the above risk factors.

Indexed as

Hip FracturesPostoperative ComplicationsAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsFemaleHumansMalePrognosisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCardiac eventsElderlyHip fractureMortalityPostoperativeRisk factor

Identifiers

PMID40797332
PMCPMC12344940

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.