Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40799504›Full record

ReviewThe Lancet regional health. Europe2025

Disparities in access to systemic therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis from the International Liver Cancer Association.

Manon Allaire, Leonardo G Da Fonseca, Marco Sanduzzi-Zamparelli, Won-Mook Choi, Cecilia Monge, Ken Liu, Michael Leibfried, Sarah Manes, Zorana Maravic, Milan Mishkovikj and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Emerging Immune-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Manon AllaireAP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Paris, France.
Leonardo G Da FonsecaClinical Oncology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil.
Marco Sanduzzi-ZamparelliBCLC Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Won-Mook ChoiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Cecilia MongeThoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA.
Ken LiuAW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Michael LeibfriedGenentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Sarah ManesGlobal Liver Institute Washington District of Columbia, USA.
Zorana MaravicDigestive Cancers Europe, Brussels, Belgium.
Milan MishkovikjEuropean Liver Patient Association (ELPA), Brussels, Belgium.
Jordi BruixBCLC Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Helen L ReevesNewcastle University Translational Research Institute and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
Riad SalemDepartment of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Bruno SangroLiver Unit and HPB Oncology Area, Clinica Universidad de Navarra and CIBEREHD, Pamplona-Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is often diagnosed at advanced stages, requiring systemic therapies like sorafenib, lenvatinib, atezolizumab-bevacizumab, and tremelimumab-durvalumab. However, disparities in access to systemic therapies for HCC remain a major global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where high drug costs, regulatory delays, and limited healthcare infrastructure impede treatment. Drawing on international experience, we highlight the urgent need for coordinated advocacy and innovative programs-such as Project Orbis and expedited approval pathways-to improve drug availability. Multisectoral collaboration among patient groups, clinicians, policymakers, and industry is essential to ensure equitable access to life-saving therapies and to reduce the burden of HCC worldwide.

Indexed as

Atezolizumab-bevacizumabDisparitiesDurvalumab-tremelimumabHealthcareHepatocellular carcinomaInequalityInequityLenvatinibLiver cancerReimbursementSorafenibSystemic therapies

Identifiers

PMID40799504
PMCPMC12336811

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.