Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40803038›Full record

ArticleThe Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology2025

From aerial drone to quantitative trait locus: leveraging next-generation phenotyping to reveal the genetics of color and height in field-grown Lactuca sativa.

Rens Dijkhuizen, Abraham L van Eijnatten, Sarah L Mehrem, Esther van den Bergh, Jelmer van Lieshout, Kiki Spaninks, Steven Kaandorp, Remko Offringa, Marcel Proveniers, Guido van den Ackerveken and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Rens Dijkhuizen *Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0007-1084-576X
Abraham L van Eijnatten *Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0000-0663-8951
Sarah L MehremTheoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0007-7711-0821
Esther van den BerghTranslational Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3340-4493
Jelmer van LieshoutPlant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden, 2333 BE, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4541-7697
Kiki SpaninksPlant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden, 2333 BE, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4741-0376
Steven KaandorpBejo Zaden B.V., Trambaan 1, Warmenhuizen, 1749 CZ, The Netherlands.
Remko OffringaPlant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden, 2333 BE, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3293-5295
Marcel ProveniersTranslational Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7896-6049
Guido van den AckervekenTranslational Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0183-8978
Basten L SnoekTheoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5321-2996

Funding

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek P19-17
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, accurate and low-cost variant calling has enabled the genotyping of large diversity panels for genome-wide association studies. As a result, phenotyping rather than genotyping is now the rate-limiting step, especially in field experiments. This has created a strong need for high-throughput, accurate, and low-cost in-field phenotyping. Here, we present a genome-wide association study (GWAS) study on 194 field-grown accessions of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). These accessions were non-destructively phenotyped at two time points 15 days apart using a drone equipped with an RGB and multispectral (MSP) camera. Our high-throughput phenotyping approach integrates an RGB- and MSP camera to measure the color and height of lettuce in this large-scale field experiment. We used the mean and other summary statistics, such as median, quantiles, skewness, kurtosis, minimum, and maximum to quantify different aspects of color and height variation in lettuce from the drone images. Using these summary statistics as traits for GWAS, we confirm several previously described genetic associations, now under field conditions, and identify additional novel associations for color and height traits in lettuce.

Indexed as

LactucaQuantitative Trait LociGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypePhenotypePolymorphism, Single Nucleotidecolordronegenome‐wide association studyheightLactuca sativalettucenatural variationunmanned aerial vehicle

Identifiers

PMID40803038
PMCPMC12349928

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.