Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2025
Cannabis use among adults who smoke tobacco: Relations with switching from combusted cigarettes to e-cigarettes or very low nicotine cigarettes.
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04084210 (Understanding the Real-World Impact of the Use of Three Alternate Nicotine-Delivery Products on Combustible Cigarette Use), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Understanding the Real-World Impact of the Use of Three Alternate Nicotine-Delivery Products on Combustible Cigarette Use
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Sweeteners in E-Cigarettes: A Minireview of Flavoring and Biological Action.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionEvidence is mixed regarding whether cannabis use impairs tobacco smoking cessation. This study tests the hypothesis that people who co-use tobacco and cannabis are less likely to switch to an alternative tobacco product when asked to do so. STUDY
designSecondary data analysis of a mixed design with a within-subjects factor (active nicotine patch vs. placebo patch) and a between-subjects factor (study product). Participants sampled their assigned study product for 1 week, then were asked not to smoke their usual brand cigarettes and use only their study product and the study patches for 1 week (a switch week). A washout week was followed by a second switch week during which participants used the other patch type. SETTING/
participantsResearch office. Adults not motivated to quit smoking who smoke ≥ 5 cigarettes/day.
interventionStudy products (very low nicotine cigarettes [VLNCs], e-cigarettes or no product) were provided for 4 weeks and 1 week of active nicotine patches and 1 week of placebo patches were provided in double-blind and counterbalanced fashion, for the switch weeks.
main outcome measuresNumber of usual brand cigarettes smoked during the switch weeks.
resultsData collected September 2019-June 2022 and analyzed November-December 2024. Participants who reported past 30-day co-use of cannabis at baseline (n = 56) smoked significantly more usual brand cigarettes during switch weeks than those who did not co-use (n = 104; p = .03) and were less likely to make a tobacco cessation attempt (p < .05).
conclusionsCannabis use is associated with less switching from cigarettes to VLNCs or e-cigarettes.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov (NCT04084210).
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.