Evidence mapPaperPMID 40804369Full record

ArticleBMC nephrology2025

Incidence and risk factors of post-transplant diabetes mellitus among kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective study from a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia.

Mutlaq Alotaibi, Najlaa Almalki, Manal E Alotaibi, Majed Alosaimi, Monther Alazwari, Mohamed Hussein, Faisal Alhomayani, Abdulmajeed Alotaibi, Ameerah Bajaber, Fahad Bhutto and 2 more

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Article in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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12 authors.

Mutlaq AlotaibiDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. m.e.q.alotaibi1406@gmail.com.
Najlaa AlmalkiDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Manal E AlotaibiDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Majed AlosaimiDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Monther AlazwariDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed HusseinDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal AlhomayaniDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulmajeed AlotaibiDepartment of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Ameerah BajaberInternal Medicine Department, AlHada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad BhuttoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulmajeed AlgethamiDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Bassem A AlmalkiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPost-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common metabolic complication following kidney transplantation, adversely affecting graft and patient outcomes. This study aims to identify the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical implications of PTDM among kidney transplant recipients at Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study including adult kidney transplant recipients from January 1984 to December 2023, excluding patients with pre-existing diabetes. Data were extracted from electronic medical records, encompassing demographics, clinical characteristics, transplantation details, and laboratory parameters. PTDM was diagnosed based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Statistical analyses included t-tests, multivariate logistic regression, chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher’s exact tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined optimal cutoff values for predictive variables.

resultsOf 228 kidney transplant recipients (64% males, mean age 47.2 ± 14.6 years), 54 (23.7%) developed PTDM. PTDM patients were significantly older (53.1 ± 12.9 vs. 45.4 ± 14.6 years, p < 0.001) and had higher BMI (27.0 ± 4.7 vs. 25.2 ± 5.4 kg/m², p = 0.023). Hypertension was a more frequent cause of ESRD in the PTDM group (24.1% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.006). Tacrolimus levels ≥ 7 ng/mL were associated with higher PTDM incidence (70% vs. 52%, p = 0.032). Hypomagnesemia and uACR were also higher in PTDM patients compared to non-PTDM. Multivariate logistic regression identified age, hypomagnesaemia, uACR ≥ 9, and tacrolimus levels > 7 as independent PTDM predictors (p < 0.05).

conclusionsPTDM affects a substantial proportion of kidney transplant recipients, with older age, hypomagnesemia, increased uACR, and elevated tacrolimus levels emerging as key risk factors. Close monitoring and individualized immunosuppressive strategies may mitigate PTDM risk and improve post-transplant outcomes.

trial registrationNot applicable. The study is not a clinical trial.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusKidney TransplantationPostoperative ComplicationsAdultFemaleHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSaudi ArabiaTacrolimusTertiary Care CentersImmunosuppressive AgentsTacrolimusIncidenceKidney transplantPost-transplant diabetes mellitusRetrospective studyRisk factorsSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID40804369
PMCPMC12351927

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.