ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2025
Beyond the gut: decoding the gut-immune-brain axis in health and disease.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Recent Developments and Applicability of In Vitro Gut Microbiota Models in Biomedical Research and Digestive Diseases-A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Mediterranean diet and gut microbiota: impact on memory and other cognitive functions: a systematic review.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Nutritional regulation of gut-brain immune crosstalk across the lifespan.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-mediated uric acid metabolism: Novel insights for developing urate-lowering and anti-gout medications.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Review
- Multi-omics profiling of oral microbial functional signatures and systemic immune-metabolic features in perinatal depression.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- From neuroinflammation to immune reprogramming: Nanozyme-Integrated nanoplatforms for neuroimmune modulation in Parkinson's disease.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Bioactive Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms in Obesity-Depression Comorbidity: Gut-Brain Axis Mechanisms and Functional Food Perspectives.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Modulating the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional and Metabolic Factors.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- The gut neuroepithelial unit as a neurodegeneration-relevant interface in the gut-brain axis.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Serotonin neuromicrobiology: Psychobiotic modulation of the gut-brain axis for mental health.Ibrain · 2026Review
- The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis in Aging: Integrating Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, and Neuroinflammation for Precision Medicine.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dietary Aluminium Exposure and Human Health: Sources, Bioavailability, Toxicokinetics, and Health Risk Assessment.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic characteristics of plasma from Chinese ethnic minority patients with major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome: Emerging Mechanisms and Perspectives in Personalized Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Postbiotics as Emerging Therapeutics for Allergic Diseases: A Novel Approach Beyond Live Biologics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids Mitigate Perinatal Methylmercury-Induced Cognitive Impairment Via Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Composition.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Dependent Neuroimmune Regulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathogenesis.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- Oral Lysozyme Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Brain Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury Through Gut Microbiota-Dependent Reprogramming of Tryptophan Metabolism.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging research underscores the pivotal role of the gut-immune-brain axis, a dynamic bidirectional communication system involving intricate interactions between the gut microbiota, immune responses, and the central nervous system. Gut microbes and their metabolites have profound effects on immune and neurological homeostasis, influencing the development and function of multiple physiological systems. Disruption of the composition of the gut microbiota and barrier integrity has been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. Most insights into these host-microbiota interactions come from preclinical models, revealing both the complexity and potential therapeutic opportunities of the gut-brain communication pathways. This review synthesizes the current understanding of these intricate interactions, exploring how microbiota-driven modulation of the gut and brain barriers, immune signaling, and neuronal pathways, such as those through the vagus nerve, contributes to health and disease. We further explore therapeutic implications, including personalized precision microbiota interventions, microbiome-derived biomarkers, and barrier-strengthening strategies. Advancing this field offers transformative potential for developing innovative, personalized therapies tailored to individual microbiomes and immune profiles, ultimately redefining clinical approaches to neurological and immune-mediated diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.