Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40804584›Full record

ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2025

The use of urinary biomarkers as prognostic tools: predicting kidney outcomes in pediatric acute kidney injury.

Wun Fung Hui, Renee Wan Yi Chan, Man Fung Tang, Tony Chun Hei Lei, Tsz Ki Liu, Kwok Hei Ho, Shu Wing Ku, Ting Fan Leung, Kam Lun Hon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wun Fung HuiDepartment of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. alvinhui_hk2000@yahoo.com.hk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-1478
Renee Wan Yi ChanDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Man Fung TangDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Tony Chun Hei LeiDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Tsz Ki LiuDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Kwok Hei HoDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Shu Wing KuDepartment of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Ting Fan LeungDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Kam Lun HonDepartment of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is limited data on applying urinary biomarkers for prediction of kidney outcomes in pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI).

methodsWe prospectively measured urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tissue metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CCL14), alongside serum kidney function test in critically ill children with AKI admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. The primary outcomes included persistent AKI (lasting for ≥ 72 h) and prolonged AKI (lasting for ≥ 7 days).

resultsThere were altogether 134 patients (median age 4.3 years; 43.3% female; AKI severity stage 1: 44.8%, stage 2: 33.6% and stage 3: 21.6%). The incidence of persistent and prolonged AKI was 40.3% and 25.4%, respectively. All four biomarkers, either measured singly, simultaneously or serially, significantly predicted both outcomes, with NGAL demonstrating the best performance (areas under the curve [AUC] 0.72 [0.61, 0.83] for persistent AKI and 0.72 [0.61, 0.84] for prolonged AKI). Integrating the simultaneous AKI staging with biomarker levels significantly improved prediction (NGAL: AUC 0.86 [0.78, 0.94] for persistent AKI and 0.87 [0.79, 0.96] for prolonged AKI). Persistent AKI increased the risk of acute kidney disease (hazard ratios [HR]: 2.59 [1.55, 4.34]), which was associated with kidney function non-recovery 90 days after AKI (HR 7.73 [1.01, 59.03]).

conclusionsUrinary NGAL, TIMP-2, IGFBP-7 and CCL14 demonstrated promising performance of predicting kidney function non-recovery within 7 days of AKI onset. Integrating urinary biomarkers with concurrent clinical data substantially enhanced predictive performance.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryAdolescentBiomarkersChemokines, CCChildChild, PreschoolCritical IllnessFemaleHumansInfantInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsIntensive Care Units, PediatricKidney Function TestsLipocalin-2MalePredictive Value of TestsBiomarkersChemokines, CCinsulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsLCN2 protein, humanLipocalin-2TIMP2 protein, humanTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2Acute kidney diseaseAcute kidney injuryPersistent acute kidney injuryPrognosisUrinary biomarkers

Identifiers

PMID40804584
PMCPMC12549750

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.