Evidence mapPaperPMID 40804642Full record

ReviewConflict and health2025

Prehospital blood for the injured in conflict zones: what about civilians? - a scoping review.

Henrik Johansson, Johan von Schreeb

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Conflict and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trauma stabilization points in armed conflict: operational evolution and strategic reflections from mosul to Gaza.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Henrik JohanssonDepartment of Surgery, Helsingborgs lasarett, Helsingborg, Sweden.
Johan von SchreebDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. johan.von.schreeb@ki.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death in trauma patients. Prehospital transfusion (PHT) has been proposed to reduce mortality; however, its effectiveness for civilians in a military conflict zone remains uncertain due to logistical and resource constraints. While PHT is endorsed in military contexts, its routine implementation for civilian trauma care during conflicts is still debated. This study aims to explore the challenges, benefits, and limitations of PHT in civilian conflict settings based on available literature.

methodsA scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed searches were conducted from January to February 2023, with an update in May 2024. Gray literature was reviewed in June, September, and October 2023. Studies published in English with full-text access that addressed the research question were included. Data on study design, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes were narratively synthesized.

resultsSix relevant studies were identified and analyzed. Findings revealed variability in PHT practices, shaped by injury severity, transfusion protocols, and evacuation logistics. While PHT may offer benefits in settings with prolonged evacuation times, current evidence is inconsistent, limiting its routine recommendation for civilian conflict settings. Key barriers include limited resources, deviations from clinical guidelines, and challenges in blood product access and storage.

conclusionOptimizing trauma care in civilian conflict zones requires strengthening hemorrhage control, rapid evacuation, and adaptable, context-appropriate guidelines. PHT may offer benefits in select situations, current evidence does not support its routine use. Future research should identify feasible, scalable strategies tailored to the unique logistical, ethical, and resource challenges in these settings.

Indexed as

AnesthesiaBloodCivilianConflict areaCritical carePrehospitalRuralTrauma

Identifiers

PMID40804642
PMCPMC12351817

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.